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　 　　□ Our reporter Zhang Shoukun

　　□ Intern of this newspaper Chen Haozheng

　　"If we had known that the hotel used so many prepared dishes, we would definitely not have booked this one. We felt that there was no grade, and we were even more afraid that the guests would think that we were insincere."

　　Not long ago, in order to leave an unforgettable wedding banquet for relatives and friends in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, a couple specially chose a well-known hotel in the city and ordered an expensive banquet package. However, after the wedding banquet, the couple were quietly told by their relatives and friends that the wedding banquet was not cost-effective, and 70% of the 16 dishes were prepared.

　　After the couple posted "Tucao" on the Internet, it immediately aroused the resonance of many netizens: "I know that prefabricated dishes are popular now, but I didn’t expect that wedding banquets that cost a lot of money are mostly prefabricated dishes." Some people even sneered: "You don’t need to recruit a cook in the future. Going to a restaurant to eat is all prefabricated dishes. Just heat it yourself."

　　Prefabricated dishes, with the advantages and characteristics of convenient cooking and fast meals, conform to the fast-paced life at present, and are also deeply loved by some young people. In recent years, the prefabricated vegetable market has developed rapidly. Relevant data show that the number of registered prefabricated vegetable enterprises in China has reached 62,000. Recently, the "Measures on Restoring and Expanding Consumption" issued by the relevant state ministries and commissions mentioned that "tapping the potential of prefabricated vegetable market and accelerating the construction of prefabricated vegetable bases".

　　At the same time of market expansion, there are many disputes about prefabricated dishes. A recent survey by the reporter of Rule of Law Daily found that many consumers said that they didn’t want to order prefabricated dishes when they went out to eat, and some restaurants didn’t explicitly tell them when they used prefabricated dishes. Problems such as poor quality of prefabricated dishes have also caused frequent vomiting.

　　The experts interviewed said that there is a lack of national standards and definitions for prefabricated dishes, and there is also a lack of supervision over their quality. The extensive use of prefabricated vegetables has its positive significance, but consumers should be clearly informed and their right to know and choose should be respected.

　　Online and offline prefabricated dishes are popular.

　　Food safety issues cause concern.

　　"Your 1: 1 rice is ready, please enjoy your meal. Two months ago, you cooked a fried tofu roast meat, put it in boiling water and heat it for a few minutes, then you can cook it. The cost of 5 yuan takeaway is 15 yuan, and the color is bright and the soup is delicious. Such a prefabricated dish takeaway is ready. " This is a picture in a short video about the production of prefabricated dishes.

　　The reporter found that prefabricated dishes have penetrated into many hotels online and offline.

　　The reporter searched on the e-commerce platform with "cooking bag" as the key word, and you can see many pre-cooked food stores with accumulated sales of thousands. After conversion, the average price of a cooking bag is 5 yuan, ranging from "Brazilian barbecue" to "Wanzhou grilled fish" and "spicy cod". Many of these stores will directly indicate "for take-out" or "the same catering/take-out", and many stores will put up "merchant purchase links". As long as they provide store photos and business licenses, they can choose 5 or 10 packages for free.

　　The customer service of a store told the reporter that every day, it receives consultations from dozens of take-away stores, and its store promotion page reads "cumulative supply of 8 million+"to take-away platform merchants.

　　According to the data of China Chain Store & Franchise Association, at present, the biggest downstream demand of the prefabricated vegetable industry comes from catering enterprises, accounting for 80%. Snack fast food restaurants, chain stores, food and beverage outlets that focus on take-out, rural kitchens, group dining halls, etc. are the main scenarios for the application of prefabricated dishes. Among them, some head chain catering enterprises have a high proportion of prefabricated dishes, and more than 80% of the dishes in some restaurants are prefabricated dishes.

　　According to the data released by the third-party survey organization, the scale of prefabricated vegetable market in China reached 419.6 billion yuan in 2022, up by 21.3% year-on-year, and it is estimated that the scale of prefabricated vegetable market will exceed 1 trillion yuan in 2026.

　　Yi Zhu, an associate professor at the College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering of China Agricultural University, told the reporter that the healthy and orderly development of the prefabricated vegetable industry can meet the convenient, fast and safe needs of consumers, and also promote the iterative upgrading of breeding and food industries, and a number of prefabricated vegetable industrial bases with strong radiation will emerge to accelerate consumption upgrading.

　　With the rapid development of prefabricated vegetable market, many consumers have also expressed their worries and dissatisfaction. During the interview, many consumers said that when they went to a restaurant, they just wanted to eat something fresh and cooked by the chef. As a result, some restaurants used prefabricated dishes, which "lost a little feeling". "It used to be said that it was unhealthy to eat overnight food, but now it is healthy to eat dishes cooked a few months ago." "I don’t understand why even the canteen needs cooking bags, and how can industrial food be cooked by hand?" Similar comments can be seen everywhere under the popular science of prefabricated dishes and short news videos.

　　The quality problems of prefabricated dishes exposed from time to time have also "added a fire" to consumers’ concerns. In February this year, Jiangsu Consumer Protection Committee released the "Survey Report on the Consumption of Prefabricated Vegetables", showing that over 80% of consumers said that when purchasing prefabricated vegetables, they encountered problems such as stale ingredients, spoiled dishes, damaged packaging and expired. Previously, some media exposed the production environment of a small and large-scale cooking bag manufacturer "Banggangxiang": the stained production room, the expired ingredients continued to be used, and the chicken that fell to the ground was directly thrown into the processing tank … …

　　During the interview, many consumers told reporters that many pre-cooked dishes were inconsistent in packaging and publicity. For example, the wrapping paper was painted with delicious braised pork with fat and thin, and it turned out to be starch products after being bought and opened. Some prefabricated dishes are still short of weight, and even merchants use prefabricated dishes to pretend to be fresh cooking.

　　Zheng Fengtian, a professor at the School of Agriculture and Rural Development of Renmin University of China, said that at present, there is no national standard for pre-cooked dishes, and some provinces have plans to formulate standards for pre-cooked dishes. However, how many types of pre-cooked dishes are classified is also a difficult problem. Whether semi-finished dishes, pre-cooked dishes and central kitchen supplies can all be classified into pre-cooked dishes is still controversial.

　　Experts interviewed believe that the lack of standard system has become a key issue affecting the development of prefabricated dishes. Due to the lack of uniform implementation standards, the quality of prefabricated dishes in the market is mixed, and the tastes of dishes produced by different manufacturers are quite different, which has given birth to many pain points that plague the development of the industry, such as difficult quality assurance, unclear labeling and large price difference. Take pickled fish as an example, some manufacturers implement the national standard of animal aquatic products, while others implement the standard of quick-frozen prepared food.

　　The merchant does not express the usage.

　　Infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of consumers

　　Not long ago, when Mr. Zhang was eating in a hotel in Qingdao, Shandong Province, he found that some dishes tasted different from what he had eaten before. After understanding, he found that the ingredients were prefabricated dishes. In this regard, the staff explained that the prefabricated dishes are convenient and quick, and they can be eaten when cooked. The quality is definitely no problem, which can meet the needs of guests to eat in a relatively short time, and the taste is not much different. Regarding Mr. Zhang’s query that "prepared vegetables are less nutritious than fresh vegetables", the staff member faltered, "There should be little difference."

　　"I didn’t expect such a big hotel to use prefabricated dishes, and it didn’t tell consumers. If you don’t ask, don’t say it." Mr. Zhang said that he could not understand this.

　　It’s nothing new that prefabricated dishes enter the hotel. During the interview, many consumers expressed their dissatisfaction with the practice of using prefabricated dishes in the hotel without explicitly telling them. Mr. Zhao, an office worker from Taian, Shandong Province, said: "I have no problem with prefabricated dishes, but the hotel should at least tell me that it provides prefabricated dishes."

　　To confirm the above statement, the reporter recently visited 30 hotels, take-away shops and supermarkets in Beijing and Tianjin, and inquired about the online take-away platform. Except for a supermarket in Hedong District, Tianjin, the cashier’s publicity page reads "Today’s specials are kung pao chicken and 9.9 yuan, and the prepared dishes are not made on the spot", no one has voluntarily informed or indicated that they are using prepared dishes.

　　At the end of August, the reporter went to a Chinese fast food chain in a shopping mall in Beijing. At that time, it was lunch time, and the store was packed. The takeaway window also waited for many takeaway brothers who took meals. But the reporter found that only one clerk in the kitchen was busy.

　　"How long will it take to order now?" In the face of a reporter’s inquiry, the staff of the ordering desk replied that it can be made in 5 minutes if you place an order now.

　　"With so many people eating, there is only one person in the kitchen, and the speed of serving can be guaranteed. Did you use prefabricated dishes?" In the face of questions, the clerk was silent for a while and did not give a positive answer. He just told reporters that the chicken chops with honey sauce were fried and the braised pork was "done" before.

　　Other restaurants visited, faced with the reporter’s question about whether they used prefabricated dishes, only the clerk of a small bowl restaurant replied that "some dishes are prefabricated dishes", while other stores ignored him. For example, a grilled fish shop did not give an answer whether it was a prepared dish or not, only that the fish and boiled meat slices in the shop were "distributed". In a rice noodle shop, the clerk told reporters that the braised chicken is semi-processed and the chicken pieces are cooked in advance.

　　Some merchants revealed to reporters that although they used prefabricated dishes, they did not dare to publicize them, because some consumers did not have high recognition of prefabricated dishes and felt that they were not fresh and nutritious, and the prefabricated dish industry did have many problems in the rapid development process in recent years, which had a certain negative impact on catering stores.

　　Should businesses inform consumers when they use prefabricated dishes?

　　Lei fu, director of the Management Committee of Beijing Yingke (Hefei) Law Firm, believes that customers have reasonable expectations for the dishes they choose, hoping for value for money, which is also the service standard that businesses and consumers should have in their contracts. Because prefabricated dishes are the product of Chinese food industrialization, the cost is much lower than that of frying and cooking now, which will aggravate the violation of consumers’ right to know and choose. If restaurants and take-away shops use prefabricated dishes, they should fulfill their obligation of informing and reminding, and guests can choose to consume or not.

　　According to Xiaojuan Zhu, director and deputy secretary-general of china law society Commercial Law Research Association, there is a difference in the cost of pre-cooked dishes and ready-made dishes, and restaurants can set prices separately, giving consumers more choices.

　　"Operators should provide real information about prepared dishes, and cannot mislead consumers through false and exaggerated propaganda. The amount of prefabricated dishes provided by operators should also be consistent with the marked quantity, and it is not allowed to cut corners and be short of weight, otherwise it will be suspected of infringing consumers’ fair trading rights. " Chen Yinjiang, deputy secretary general of china law society Consumer Protection Law Research Association, said.

　　Make standards and fulfill the obligation to inform.

　　Strengthen the management and supervision of prefabricated vegetables

　　The reporter found out that although there is no national standard for prefabricated dishes at present, since 2022, many provinces and cities have introduced relevant standards and specifications for prefabricated dishes. In April, 2022, Jiangsu Catering Industry Association issued the group standard "Standard for Quality Evaluation of Precast Dishes"; In November 2022, Chongqing Municipal Market Supervision Administration issued the "Twenty Articles on Implementing the Main Responsibility of Food Safety" for the production and operation of prefabricated vegetables; In January this year, the Shanghai Municipal Market Supervision Administration issued the "Examination Plan for the Production License of Shanghai Prefabricated Vegetables" to explore and standardize the food safety of prefabricated vegetables.

　　The national level also attaches great importance to the development of prefabricated dishes. In 2023, the No.1 Document of the Central Committee clearly stated that "the standardization and standardization level of clean vegetables, central kitchens and other industries should be improved. Cultivate and develop the prefabricated vegetable industry. " On July 31st, the State Council forwarded the Notice of National Development and Reform Commission on Measures to Restore and Expand Consumption, specifically proposing to expand the consumption of catering services, cultivate the mode of "breeding base+central kitchen+cold chain logistics+catering stores", and tap the potential of prefabricated vegetable market.

　　Recently, through the coordination and docking between Shandong Provincial Market Supervision Administration and State Administration of Market Supervision, two items of "prefabricated vegetable processing" and "prefabricated vegetable sales" have been added to the standardized management system of business scope. On August 3, the person in charge of Liaocheng Fudelin Catering Management Co., Ltd. in Shandong Province took over the first business license of the city’s business scope of "prefabricated vegetable processing" and "prefabricated vegetable sales" from the staff.

　　In Chen Yinjiang’s view, the standard system of pre-cooked dishes has not been established before, nor has it been included in the scope of special food business projects. Generally, as long as you have a catering service license or a food business license, you can engage in related business activities. Including "pre-cooked dish processing" and "pre-cooked dish sales" in the special business scope can promote the establishment and improvement of the standard system of pre-cooked dishes in the future and promote the standardized and high-quality development of the industry.

　　Experts interviewed by reporters believe that for prefabricated vegetable enterprises, delicious food determines how high it can go, and safety determines how far it can go.

　　Sun Juanjuan, a researcher at the Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Safety Governance of Renmin University of China, believes that the pre-cooked food for consumers is prepackaged foods, and the compliance management of producers and operators needs to pay attention to the legal compliance of identification information, including not misleading consumers in principle, but also specific information identification requirements such as name, ingredients and date. It is worth mentioning that the intuition of logo information makes logo non-compliance an important object of consumer rights protection. Especially, the producers and operators of pre-cooked vegetables who change from B2B (business-to-business) to B2C (enterprises provide goods or services directly to consumers) should pay attention to the compliance challenges brought by the scene change.

　　"Consumers can actively choose prefabricated dishes in the B2C scenario and passively consume prefabricated dishes in the B2B scenario. The latter’s informed choice has triggered disputes on the protection of consumers’ rights and interests. The transparency of supply chain has attracted increasing attention. In addition to food safety, consumers also pay attention to their consumption content from other dimensions such as economic benefits, including food production methods. Facing the competition brought by catering industrialization, handmade production still has its own existence scene. Information disclosure is undoubtedly a prerequisite for meeting consumers’ different expectations and making informed choices. " Sun Juanjuan said.

　　Lei fu said that the emergence of a new thing will inevitably lead to changes in the upstream and downstream industries, and it is essential to formulate industry standards and standardize guidance. The development of prefabricated vegetables needs to be controlled from the source. Production must have a food production license, transportation and storage also need synchronous supervision, storage conditions and transportation equipment standards need to be updated simultaneously for catering sales, and sellers who send them to consumers’ tables also need corresponding licenses.

　　In Xiaojuan Zhu’s view, the relevant state departments should formulate and promulgate specific standards for prepared dishes, including raw material standards and finished product standards; Pre-cooked vegetable production enterprises should fulfill the responsibilities of producers and operators, produce standard and healthy products, and indicate raw materials and cooking methods; Trade associations should also formulate trade rules to advocate prefabricated vegetable enterprises to actively fulfill their social responsibilities and establish a good social image.

　　"The relevant regulatory authorities should implement the supervision, not only strengthen the daily supervision and inspection, but also carry out targeted special supervision and inspection for the problems that consumers reflect more intensively and prominently, and crack down on violations of laws and regulations or damage to consumers’ rights and interests according to law." Chen Yinjiang suggested.　

[Text/Observer Network Wang Shichun]

According to a report by the Tass news agency on December 24th, on December 24th, the first Russian Su -57 fighter made by Gagarin Factory in Gongqingcheng, amur river crashed during a flight test in Khabarovsk Krai, and the pilot on board parachuted to escape, and was later rescued by a Mi -8 search and rescue helicopter.

According to sources, this Su -57 fighter is the first "mass production" Su -57 fighter, which was originally scheduled to be delivered to the troops on the 27th. This is the first time that the Russian Su -57 fighter plane crashed since its first flight in 2010.

In November, the first Russian aircraft being assembled at the Gongqingcheng factory.short for Suzhou/short for Jiangsu Province/short of the Soviet Union/a surname-57 "mass production" fighter, this may be the photo of this plane. Source: Red Star TV.

A spokesman for the Russian authorities said that the accident occurred 120 kilometers away from the Zemji Air Force Base. This Su -57 is not owned by the military, but belongs to amur river Gongqingcheng Gagarin Factory. Russia’s United Aviation Manufacturing Group reported that the accident did not cause casualties and damage on the ground. At present, the plane’s black box is still being searched.

Informed sources revealed to the satellite news agency that the Su -57, the fifth-generation fighter plane that crashed in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia on the 24th, was the first mass-produced aircraft originally scheduled to be delivered to the Russian army on December 27th. The source said: "This is the first mass-produced Su -57, which was originally planned to be delivered on the 27th of this month.

At present, the prototypes of all six Su -57 fighters are deployed at the National Flight Test Center in astrakhan, andGongqingcheng Aircraft Factory was previously assembling and producing the first batch of "mass production" Su -57 fighters.According to the plan of the Russian Air Force, the Russian Air Force will receive the first batch of Su -57 fighters at the end of this year.

On December 20th, according to the Tass news agency, the Chief of Staff of the Russian Federation Armed Forces announced on the 20th that the Russian Ministry of Defence had completed the second phase test of the fifth-generation multi-role fighter "Su -57" in Syria, during which all actual combat test tasks have been completed. At present, the Su -57 fighter has been mass-produced, and the first mass-production battle opportunity will be installed in the Russian army before the end of the year.

Military commentators of Observer Network believe that the crashed Su -57 fighter may be the first mass-produced Su -57 fighter of the Russian army. In the program of Red Star TV in November, Russia exposed the Su -57 fighters that Gongqingcheng Factory is entering the "mass production stage". From the video released by Red Star TV, only one Su -57 fighter is in a relatively high completion state, and other Su-57s are in the process of assembly, so it is difficult to reach the test flight state within one month. Considering that there are only a few days before the end of the year, the Su -57 that crashed in Russia this time is probably the plane that was mirrored on the Red Star Platform a few months ago.

Photo: November 8diurnal"mass production type"short for Suzhou/short for Jiangsu Province/short of the Soviet Union/a surname–fivesevenopportunity for combat

Su -57′ s experience in recent years can be described as "twists and turns". The Russian army signed the Su -57 supply contract during the "Army -2018" forum, but the number is only two. These two aircraft will join the Russian army at the end of 2019.

However, with Putin’s visit to Su -57, things changed. On May 14th this year, six Su-57s escorted Putin’s special plane to astrakhan National Flight Test Center. Putin then visited Su-57s, Dagger air-launched hypersonic weapons, S-70 Okhotnik-B Hunter -B UAV and other weapons and equipment. The next day, Putin announced that he would purchase a total of 76 Su -57 fighters and advance the time for installing these fighters to 2028.

On June 29 this year, the Russian Ministry of National Defense signed a contract with United Aviation Manufacturing Group of Russia at the "Army -2019" International Military Technology Forum and purchased 76 Su -57 fighters. However, the only fighters expected to be delivered to the Russian Air Force this year are two Su-57s signed in "Army -2018".

Six Su-57sFighters escorted Putin’s special plane to the State of astrakhan.Home flight test center Source: Russian Air Force

As a fighter available for foreign trade, countries such as India and Turkey have considered purchasing Su -57 fighters this year. According to Sputnik’s report on July 19th, Birender Singh Dhanoa, chief of staff of the Indian Air Force, said in an interview with Red Star that after the fifth-generation fighter Su -57 was equipped with Russian troops and showed its value, India was willing to reconsider the joint research and development and procurement between India and Russia.

On August 28th, at the Moscow Air Show, Turkish President Erdogan visited the Su -57 fighter plane accompanied by Putin. When asked if he would buy Su -57 to deal with the United States stopping the delivery of F-35s, Erdogan said: "Why not? We don’t buy why we came to the air show. "

EldoAn visits the Su -57 fighter. Source: RT

This article is an exclusive manuscript of Observer. It cannot be reproduced without authorization.

　　(CCTV Finance "Economic Half-hour")In the last five years, a southern fruit has created a sales miracle. In five years, from the lowest purchase price of 0.3 yuan to the highest price of 3 yuan, this fruit, which creates a sales miracle, is Xuwen pineapple produced in Zhanjiang, Guangdong. As the hometown of pineapple in China, xuwen county has planted one third of the country’s pineapples. As the "vanguard" of Lingnan Jiaguo’s listing, at present, Xuwen pineapple is about to be listed on a large scale, and the local government, enterprises and farmers are actively preparing for it.

　　Fresh-cut fruits have sprung up everywhere.

　　Small pineapple fruits are favored.

　　At the end of February, xuwen county, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province gradually ushered in the "sweet" pineapple harvest season.

　　Affected by climate, light, soil fertility, planting methods and other factors, some pineapples can only grow into small fruits of 4 to 9 taels. Although there is no difference in taste with conventional pineapples, they were not favored by buyers in the past and could only rot in the ground, causing huge waste.

　　What has changed this phenomenon is a group of fresh-cut pineapple processing enterprises that have appeared in Xuwen in recent years. They specialize in purchasing small pineapple fruits. After the small pineapple enters the factory, it becomes a fresh-cut fruit preserved in cold storage. Enterprises are then transported by cold chain and sold to Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and other provincial markets through e-commerce and other channels.

　　Li Taiji’s processing plant was built in 2020. Last year, the sales of fresh-cut pineapples reached more than 3.1 million Jin. In order to cope with the upcoming order peak in March, we are now expanding employment.

　　Xue Junnan is the general manager of the supply chain of a fresh chain brand. Seeing that Xuwen pineapple is about to be listed on a large scale, he came to the enterprise. In addition to routinely checking the production workshop and checking the quality of supply, he also brought this year’s procurement plan.

　　Xue Junnan, general manager of a fresh chain supply chain:This is an emerging consumer industry that is very in line with the "lazy economy". On our platform alone, the sales volume of a single fresh fruit pineapple last year was around 13 million yuan. This year, we also hope to make great efforts to bring about 20% to 30% growth.

　　The government acts as a salesman.

　　You buy pineapples, I’ll stay free.

　　Xuwen pineapple is the "vanguard" of Lingnan Jiaguo listed every year, and its sales are directly related to the livelihood of 150,000 pineapple farmers in xuwen county for one year. When the company is fully preparing for the pineapple harvest season, Yang Fanfan, deputy secretary of the Party Group of Xuwen Agricultural and Rural Bureau, is also busy inspecting the hotel. Since 2020, the government has taken the lead in establishing a buyer alliance, and provided free hotel accommodation for foreign buyers, with a total investment of about 1 million yuan.

　　Xuwen county is the largest pineapple production base in China, and three out of every 10 pineapples in China are produced here. The unique geographical and climatic conditions make the pineapple produced here big, juicy, crisp, sweet and fragrant, and become a protected product of geographical indications in China.

　　Qujiae Town in the east of xuwen county is the township with the largest pineapple production in Xuwen, with a pineapple planting area of 130,000 mu and an annual output of more than 260,000 tons. It is a veritable "pineapple sea". Although March-May is the peak of Xuwen pineapple listing, in late February, Luo Fei, a large planter in Qujie Town, sent tens of thousands of kilograms of early-maturing fruits to the pineapple trading center here. Tens of thousands of pounds of pineapples can be sold at any time, which was something he couldn’t even think about a few years ago.

　　Luo Fei still clearly remembers that Xuwen pineapple had a bumper harvest in 2018, but the minimum purchase price fell to 0.3 yuan per kilogram, far below the cost price, and fruit farmers suffered heavy losses.

　　In a normal year, at the latest in early May, the pineapple sales in Guangdong will come to an end. However, at that time, we waited until the midsummer of June. In the largest pineapple trading market in xuwen county, fruit farmers were still waiting for the arrival of buyers, selling pineapples for several hundred yuan a car.

　　In Qujie, the surplus money of fruit farmers after selling fruits is used to being deposited in the postal savings bank of the town. In the bumper harvest year of 2018, the annual deposits here decreased by 12.3% compared with the previous year.

　　In order to get rid of the curse of "high yield but no harvest" of agricultural products, in 2019, the Guangdong Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs sent a working group to Xuwen before the pineapple was listed. Members of the working group include experts from e-commerce platforms and media.

　　They showed their magic power, invited more than 300 professional buyers from all over the country and held the first pineapple production and marketing matchmaking meeting in Xuwen history. However, the staff in the agricultural sector work part-time as waiters in the production and marketing of agricultural products, thus opening the curtain of building a "12221" market system in Guangdong Province.

　　A series of marketing measures made Xuwen pineapple bottom out in 2019. This year, the postal savings bank, which was once deserted in Qujie town, saw a booming business, with an annual deposit increase of more than 20%.

　　Nowadays, the "12221" market system has already become the password for increasing income of Guangdong’s rural characteristic industries, and Xu Wen has also continued to explore the upgraded version of 2.0. Hundreds of local anchors have been invited to the fields to guide fruit farmers to bring goods live. Let the once unsalable pineapple gradually get out of the predicament. The annual output value of Xuwen pineapple soared from 980 million yuan in 2018 to 2.5 billion yuan in 2022.

　　Closely following the "1" objectives of "12221" market system, such as brand building, sales promotion, market guidance, variety improvement, and farmers becoming rich, Zhanjiang pineapple production operation center, which just started operation in 2022, is open to all pineapple farmers and buyers. The equipment in the operation center can detect the sugar content, Shui Xin and black heart of pineapples, which improves the overall quality of listed pineapples. With the matchmaking and quality control of the operation center, both parties are very worry-free in trading.

　　In 2022, the operation center and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP) pineapple international trading center were listed at the same time. With the help of e-commerce platform, the first national pineapple standard center, price center, merchant information collection center and pineapple big data center were built.

　　In 2022, Xuwen pineapple was exported to Singapore by RCEP, which indicated that Xuwen pineapple officially entered the market of RCEP member countries as "China pineapple".

　　Yang Fanfan, Deputy Secretary of the Party Group of xuwen county Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau:Up to now, the number of local small pineapple processing enterprises has reached 17, which has greatly promoted the sales of small pineapples.

　　Good varieties bring good benefits.

　　Golden diamond pineapple doesn’t need salt water.

　　With convenient sales channels and expanding processing capacity, farmers no longer have to worry about selling. In order to make pineapple truly become a high-value fruit, it is necessary to practice hard and improve its quality.

　　Chen Ruyue, a pineapple grower in xuwen county, Guangdong:Introduce some excellent varieties, fundamentally change our pineapple industry and realize industrial upgrading.

　　In 2017, Chen Ruru began to introduce the planted "Golden Diamond" pineapple, which is also the most popular variety at present. Standardized and refined cultivation of golden diamond pineapple and common pineapple not only have obvious differences in appearance, but also have shallow fruit eyes without digging out or soaking in salt water, which is more convenient to eat.

　　The sugar content of common pineapple is about 15%, while the sugar content of golden diamond pineapple is about 19%, which has obvious advantages.

　　After several years of careful cultivation, Golden Diamond Pineapple has won market recognition with high quality. Its land purchase price is two to three times that of ordinary pineapple, and its planting area has tripled in the past three years, and it is still sold out every year.

　　Fusion of Golden Pomfret and Pineapple.

　　Pineapple prefabricated dishes are very popular

　　In order to better develop the pineapple market and explore new consumption hotspots, in 2022, Xuwen, Guangdong Province also invited dozens of famous chefs to compete with each other and held a pineapple cooking competition.

　　When the new pineapple dishes make local diners feast, the pineapple prefabricated dishes are also fragrant all the way to the foreign table. Zhanjiang has the title of "Golden Pomfret Capital of China". Local enterprises integrated golden pomfret and pineapple, and launched "pineapple golden pomfret".

　　Bobby Chen, Director of R&D Center of an aquatic product enterprise in Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province:The products listed last year have been sent to all of China. Last year, our first cabinet was sent to RCEP countries. At present, the traditional distribution channels and online new retail platforms are synchronized.

　　At present, the company’s order for pineapple prefabricated dishes has been arranged for six months, and with the large-scale listing of Xuwen pineapple this year, they will also launch 10 pineapple prefabricated dishes online, hoping to achieve the goal of consuming 1000 tons of pineapple annually this year.

　　Recently, listed environmental protection companies have successively released their annual performance reports for 2017. Although more than 70% of the companies are pre-happy, the phenomenon of intensified performance differentiation is prominent. In addition, the "small scattered" pattern of the entire environmental protection industry is still outstanding.

　　The 13th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Industries proposes to improve industrial concentration, cultivate a number of large energy conservation and environmental protection enterprise groups with international competitiveness, and cultivate more than 100 key enterprises in key areas of energy conservation and environmental protection industries. In the opinion of experts and insiders, it is still the general trend for the environmental protection industry to speed up mergers and acquisitions, no matter from the policy orientation or the development of the industry itself, and there will still be a wave of mergers and acquisitions in the future.

　　Annual report performance is improving, but industry differentiation is intensifying.

　　Combing the disclosed 2017 annual report and performance forecast, it was found that there were 126 companies with pre-history performance during the reporting period, accounting for more than 70%; There are as many as 46 companies whose net profit is expected to double year-on-year, which shows that the overall development of the environmental protection industry is good, and the profits of related listed companies continue to grow significantly.

　　Judging from the published annual report, the net profit of leading enterprises such as Sanju Environmental Protection, Bishuiyuan and Oriental Garden all exceeded 2 billion yuan. Among them, Sanju Environmental Protection realized a net profit of 2.539 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 57.02%; Bishuiyuan achieved a net profit of 2.509 billion yuan, an increase of 35.95% year-on-year; The net profit of Oriental Garden was 2.178 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 68.13%.

　　However, it is worth noting that the performance differentiation of the entire environmental protection sector has intensified. Yishida, Fei Da Environmental Protection and Tianjin Membrane Technology suffered serious losses, and their net profit and year-on-year profit growth both showed red lights. According to the brokerage research report, the proportion of companies with a net profit of 0-0.5 billion has decreased, while the proportion of companies with a net profit of 0-0.5 billion has increased.

　　Among the listed companies in the A-share environmental protection sector, the growth rates of total profit and net profit attributable to the parent company of 16 companies with total assets of more than 5 billion yuan disclosed in the 2017 annual report were 25.3% and 21.6% respectively, while the growth rates of total profit and net profit attributable to the parent company of 18 listed companies with total assets of less than 5 billion yuan were only 8.2% and 10.7% respectively, and there was a huge difference in performance between large and small enterprises.

　　The "small scattered" pattern of the industry still exists.

　　The "small scattered" pattern of the environmental protection industry is still outstanding. From the perspective of hazardous waste industry, the data show that there are nearly 3,000 hazardous waste enterprises in China, the average qualification scale of licensed enterprises is less than 30,000 tons/year, and the market share of the top ten leading enterprises is even less than 10%. The hazardous waste treatment industry as a whole is scattered, small and weak. "At present, the technical equipment in the hazardous waste industry is weak, and the capacity utilization rate is less than 30%, showing a downward trend as a whole." Li Yongpeng, president of dongjiang environmental protection Co., Ltd., told the Economic Information Daily reporter earlier.

　　The sanitation industry is also scattered. According to the real-time tracking data of E20 data center, there are about 5,000 sanitation enterprises in the industry, but only one or two hundred of them have taken shape initially.

　　Xue Tao, managing partner of E20 Environment and executive dean of the Institute, pointed out in an interview with the Economic Information Daily that the concentration of environmental protection industry is relatively low, with about 50,000 upstream and downstream enterprises. He specifically analyzed that for the field of industrial pollution control, on the one hand, the categories are complex, Party A is scattered, and the technology is complex, which brings about the problems of low concentration and "small" and "scattered" environmental protection enterprises; On the other hand, the upgrading of industrial sewage management is not perfect, and zero tolerance for excessive sewage discharge has not been achieved, which has aggravated the situation of "small", "scattered" and especially "chaotic" in the industry.

　　"In the field of municipal utilities (mainly referring to the field of government payment), the main operators of municipal environmental protection facilities in thousands of counties and cities are naturally dispersed." Xue Tao further pointed out that the franchise reform in 2003 promoted the improvement of industry concentration. The data shows that the top ten social capitals now account for more than 20% of the total water supply in China, and 70% of new waste incineration projects are allocated by the top ten. However, the situation of "small", "scattered" and even "chaotic" is still obvious in the upstream equipment enterprises supporting investment and operation enterprises and other sub-sectors mainly focusing on engineering (rural environmental management, soil remediation, etc.).

　　Mergers and acquisitions will continue to deepen.

　　According to the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for the Development of Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Industry", by 2020, the energy conservation and environmental protection industry will become a pillar industry of the national economy, emphasizing the need to improve industrial concentration and enhance industrial competitiveness. And clearly put forward "to cultivate a number of large energy-saving and environmental protection enterprise groups with international competitiveness, and cultivate more than 100 key enterprises in key areas of energy-saving and environmental protection industries".

　　In 2017, the environmental protection industry continued to expand the market and extend the industrial chain through horizontal and vertical mergers and acquisitions, and intra-industry, cross-industry and cross-border mergers and acquisitions have become a normal state. The data shows that in 2017, there were 86 mergers and acquisitions in the national environmental protection industry, involving an amount of 38.5 billion yuan. In the eyes of experts and insiders, this kind of M&A will continue to deepen, and a new wave of M&A is expected to set off again.

　　Xue Tao pointed out that due to the low ratio of fixed assets in the field of environmental protection, the process of improving industry concentration will be faster than other fields. Many expansions in this field are completed through mergers and acquisitions, and mergers and acquisitions will remain hot in the next few years. Many small-scale sanitation enterprises have low competitiveness in the process of marketization and will be squeezed out or merged in the next three years.

　　For example, Guan Qingyou, president of the Financial Research Institute and chief economist, also believes that the differentiation and restructuring of the environmental protection industry will continue to intensify, and the scale and proportion of some leading enterprises in the whole industry will increase.

　　"Strong and weak mergers and strong mergers between operating enterprises are benign and sustainable trends, and mergers and acquisitions will be the theme that will last for a long time." Xue Tao said that small and medium-sized enterprises with subdivided technologies have also been merged by large enterprises, but more are self-renewal and metabolism of many small and medium-sized enterprises. It happens from time to time that excellent enterprises strengthen mergers and acquisitions, but it will be more common to directly compete to squeeze out inferior enterprises.

　　However, in the opinion of experts, mergers and acquisitions in the environmental protection industry cannot be generalized. Chen Junhao, Senior Director of Investment in Major Projects Department of Fosun Group, said in an interview with the Economic Information Daily that at present, the vast majority of central enterprises engaged in environmental protection industry are subsidiaries. Although it is feasible in theory to carry out professional integration and asset transfer among subsidiaries, it should not happen in a large scale due to factors such as management system, assessment, personnel appointment and dismissal, and the effect of this administrative reorganization is not necessarily ideal.

　　"At the current stage of development, it is still necessary to encourage state-owned capital to enter the field of environmental protection. The key is to have a fair and reasonable market competition environment, so that enterprises with real R&D strength, market development and project operation capabilities can occupy more external market shares through marketization." Chen Junhao said.

　　From the international experience, such as Japan and the United States, decentralized municipal infrastructure operators are widespread. Even the "French duo" such as Veolia and Suez will be surrounded by many small and medium-sized environmental protection technology enterprises to provide supporting services and technological innovation. Xue Tao believes that the future pattern of domestic environmental protection industry, from the operational point of view, both industrial and municipal concentration will continue to increase, but various technical subdivisions will leave a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises with enough room for development. Considering the inherent characteristics of technological innovation and environmental protection subdivision, in this part of the region, "small scattered" is not the fundamental problem, "small scattered" is. The key to solving the "chaos" still needs to gradually put in place all kinds of supervision based on the effect of environmental governance. (Reporter Ban Juanjuan)

　　[Aika Auto Domestic New Car Original]

　　Recently, according to relevant media reports, Gaohe announced the big rights and interests of HipHi Z. In 2022, the owners of the big locks will get multiple rights and interests, including the courtesy of worry-free cars, the gift of blind boxes with limited time locks, the purchase rights and interests of old owners, and the opportunity to participate in the 2022 HiPhi Show activities. The new car will be officially opened at 10 am on October 1, with a price range of 610,000-630,000 yuan, and will be delivered at the end of this year.

　　From October 1st, HiPhi Z will officially accept the ordering and locking. Users who order and lock in 2022 can enjoy the lifetime free vehicle warranty, lifetime free three-electricity warranty, lifetime free 5G vehicle networking traffic, lifetime free road rescue, exclusive charging pile and installation services, and free access to HiPhi Pilot Gaohe intelligent driving assistance function package.

　　Users who have completed the HiPhi Z lock fitting within this year can also randomly select the titanium moon gift box, 1:18 HiPhi Z alloy car model and Xinghe Purple players’ limited painting of No.9 go-kart through the HIP HI APP (opened on November 11th, 2022). During this period, Gaohe has prepared the exclusive rights of the old owner to purchase HiPhi Z for HiPhi X owners, and can choose the flexible armor wheel hub assembly for free when locking the configuration.

　　Editor’s point of view: HiPhi Z is the second model launched by Gaohe Automobile. The design of the new car is very radical and highly recognizable. Compared with Gaohe HiPhi X, HiPhi Z is younger and more athletic as a whole. The arrival of rich rights and interests will make the new car more attractive.

Wonderful content review:

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　　CCTV News:According to the website of National Medical Products Administration, 53 batches of cosmetics marked as agents (production) by 22 enterprises such as Special Eye International Trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. were unqualified after inspection by Zhejiang Food and Drug Inspection and Research Institute, and the above-mentioned unqualified products and related enterprises violated the Regulations on Hygienic Supervision of Cosmetics, Regulations on the Management of Cosmetic Labeling and other relevant laws and regulations.

　　According to National Medical Products Administration, the labeling agency (production) enterprises involved and the unqualified products are: Flower-jealous Mild Hair Cream 5N Natural Brown Set (Flower-jealous Mild Hair Cream 5N Natural Brown+Coenzyme Brilliant Hair Essence), Kaiweisi Hair Cream (chestnut color) (5.3 chestnut) and Kaiweisi Hair Cream (chestnut brown) produced by Guangzhou Kaiweisi Cosmetics Co., Ltd., Kaiweisi hair cream (chestnut color) and Kaiweisi hair cream, Caiyu zhanghua hair care baking oil (No.8) produced by Zhejiang zhanghua Health Care & Hairdressing Industry Co., Ltd., zhanghua hair care baking oil (No.14), Yeguozhen Tianfeng hair care baking oil (natural black), zhanghua hair care shampoo natural black, zhanghua brand Jiecai baking oil hair cream (No.30). Anzhi acid nourishing long-lasting color-dyeing baking ointment (wine red) produced by Beijing Guijiamei Industry and Trade Co., Ltd. (entrusting party: Beijing Yuqiri Tonghua Cosmetics Co., Ltd.), bright natural black hair cream produced by Jiangsu Meiaisi Cosmetics Co., Ltd. (entrusting party: Henkel Co., Ltd.), and CHEAM produced by Wujiang Xing Tsukagoshi Hirotaka Daily Chemicals Co., Ltd. Liangyan hair cream (36) and Liangyan hair cream (30)(12/11), Feiling hair cream 6-45 (medium wine red) produced by Shanghai Huimei Cosmetics Co., Ltd. and Sibert Jiaoyang hair cream, and Chuanglu baking oil hair cream 2N natural black produced by Zhuji Best Daily Chemical Co., Ltd.,Black Diamond Premium Black Hair Cream produced by Guangzhou Jiatong Cosmetics Co., Ltd., Jinghongda Hair Cream (Brown) and Jinghongda Hair Cream produced by Guangzhou Jinghongda Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., Siyu Hair Cream produced by Guangzhou Clivia Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. (Rose Purple), Hongrui Kaixian Hair Cream produced by Guangzhou Kaixi Cosmetics Co., Ltd., Haiweisi hair dressing ointment produced by Guangzhou Lanzi Cosmetics Co., Ltd. (entrusting party: France Lanzi (International) Cosmetics Co., Ltd.), Farafak Aromatherapy Bright Dyeing Ointment (Yingpaier Dyeing Ointment) produced by Guangzhou Yingpaier Cosmetics Co., Ltd., Jinhuang Female Hair Dyeing Ointment produced by Guangzhou Zhongyue Dasheng Cosmetics Co., Ltd., Jinzhutang Hair Dyeing Ointment and Jinzhutang Hair Dyeing Ointment produced by Guangzhou Weiniya Cosmetics Co., Ltd. Hair cream five-color rice plant essence hair cream (chestnut color), A Pai Yizu Mengpeisi hair cream (black) and Mengpeisi hair cream (0/45) produced by Heshan Bangli Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., Ai’s hair cream series (copper red) and Ai’s hair cream series (gold copper color) produced by Taishan Gaofu Daily Chemical Co., Ltd., and military doctor? Tiggo dyes hair cream quickly (wine red), military doctor? Tiggo dye fast hair cream (natural black), Tiggo wash black shampoo (black), Tiggo dye fast hair cream (natural black), Tiggo dye fast hair cream (natural black), Tiggo dye fast hair cream.(wine red) and Tiggo Dye Fast Hair Cream (brown), Dicai Hair Cream (brown) produced by Zhaoqing Dicai Daily Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. (entrusting party: Guangzhou Dicai Cosmetics Co., Ltd.), Capgemini Hair Cream (golden brown) 6/77 and Capgemini Hair Cream (natural black) 44/0 produced by Zhaoqing Capgemini Technology Co., Ltd.

　　Among them, after on-site verification by the drug supervision department where the manufacturer is located, it was marked as Caiyu zhanghua Dyeing and Baking Oil (No.8), zhanghua Dyeing and Baking Oil (No.14), Yeguozhen Tianfeng Dyeing and Baking Oil (Natural Black), zhanghua Dyeing and Protecting Shampoo Natural Black and zhanghua Jiecai Baking Oil Dyeing Cream (No.30) produced by Zhejiang zhanghua Health and Hairdressing Industry Co., Ltd.

　　The above-mentioned unqualified products and related enterprises violated the provisions of relevant laws and regulations such as the Regulations on Cosmetic Hygiene Supervision, the Regulations on the Administration of Cosmetic Labeling and so on. National Medical Products Administration asked the drug regulatory authorities in Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai, Henan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces (cities) to supervise and urge relevant production enterprises to take timely measures such as recalling related products that have been listed and sold, file an investigation and deal with them seriously according to law; The drug regulatory authorities in Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tianjin, Yunnan and Zhejiang provinces (cities) are required to order relevant business units to immediately take measures such as taking off the shelves to control risks. For products suspected of counterfeiting, it is necessary to thoroughly investigate their purchase channels and investigate violations of laws and regulations. The above-mentioned provincial drug regulatory authorities shall disclose the processing results of relevant enterprises or units within 3 months from the date of announcement, and timely fill in and report the relevant information in the national cosmetic sampling information system in National Medical Products Administration.

Recently, Mercedes-Benz AMG ONE was officially unveiled. The new car uses a lot of F1-derived technologies, and its super-running style is extremely tense and its dynamic performance is strong. It is equipped with a 1.6T V6 engine and four front and rear motors, with an acceleration of 2.9 seconds.

The front face of the new car adopts a three-stage grille, the headlights are long and narrow, and the engine compartment has a large number of carbon fiber cover plates. The front fender on the side of the car body has an openable spoiler, and the wheel hub size is 20 inches in the back and 19 inches in the front. The tail with a large tail can be opened together with the front fender spoiler in track mode. The engine is located in the rear, with a carbon fiber cover plate above it, and the design of fin shape extends from the tail to the roof.

In terms of power, it is equipped with a 1.6T V6 engine and four front and rear motors, and two motors on the front axle provide power for the front wheels. Two motors at the back, one located in the turbocharger, can reduce the turbine lag, and at the same time, the generated exhaust gas can charge the battery; The other motor of the rear axle is connected with the engine, which can provide the maximum power of 120 kW and can also charge the battery when braking. The maximum comprehensive output horsepower of this power system reaches 1063 horsepower, with an acceleration of 2.9 seconds at zero hundred kilometers and 7 seconds at zero to two hundred kilometers, and the limit speed can reach 352 kilometers per hour. The new car is equipped with an 8.4kWh battery as energy storage.

What do you think of this car?

　　　 On December 15th, local time in new york, Tom Cruise took his daughter Suri out. On the same day, Tom was going to take his daughter out by boat. When he left the hotel, a large number of paparazzi were waiting outside. Although the weather was very cold, Suri only appeared in a pink short skirt with sandals. He was dressed in a summer dress and kept his head down. Finally, Tom took the toy and coat in his hand and simply held Suri in his arms with a bath towel, which kept him warm and avoided the camera.

More live pictures on the next page

Suzuki Shinichi’s stills in "The Cheating Game: The Last Stage"

Actor Kazuma Suzuki

　　Kazuma Suzuki, a 41-year-old personality actor who has excellent acting skills in the just-released hit film "Cheating Game: The Last Stage", announced the marriage news to the outside world by fax on March 21st. It is understood that Suzuki’s wife is 17 years younger than him and is an ordinary office worker. Suzuki sighed in the fax: "My long-term single life has finally come to an end!"

　　According to an insider, Suzuki’s wife is only 24 years old and 173CM tall, which is quite an antique beauty. The two met at a fashion party in 2005, when Suzuki was present as a catwalk model and his wife was a college student. The two confirmed that their relationship was at the end of 2005, and in the following year (2006), Suzuki took the woman home to meet her parents. It is understood that Suzuki’s parents were quite satisfied when they met their future daughter-in-law. In January, 2010, the parents of both sides formally engaged in a hotel in Tokyo, and the wedding ceremony and wedding banquet are expected to be held in the summer of 2010.

　　Kazuma Suzuki was born in Shizuoka Prefecture in 1968 and made her debut as a model in 1987. In 1995, he entered the film industry and made many film and television works and stage plays. In recent years, his film works include Silent Winter, Big Money Rock Two-faced Man, Tattoo: Like a Fragrant Moon, and fraud game: The Last Stage just released.

[Movie Network]www.1905.com　Exclusive manuscript, please indicate the source.

The so-called "gutter oil" generally refers to three kinds: old oil repeatedly fried, hogwash fat extracted from swill, and gutter oil extracted from floating oil in sewers. The refining processes of these three oils are similar: oil fishing, crude refining and refining, with little difficulty.

A technician from a famous edible oil manufacturer in Zhejiang said that any manufacturer of edible oil refining has the ability to mass produce "waste oil" without adding any equipment and technology.

There is no evidence in words, but the experiment proves it! From September 21st to 23rd, with the help of technicians, it took the reporter three days to refine about 250ml of golden yellow, clear and transparent gutter oil from a bucket of stinking and filthy floating oil.

The first step of the experiment: fishing for oil

The object of this experiment is floating oil in sewers, which is the so-called most authentic "gutter oil".

Oil fishing was carried out in the kitchen grease trap of a hotel in the city center on the morning of September 21st. The grease trap is under the manhole cover beside the kitchen. According to the requirements of environmental protection, all catering enterprises need to build it.

The tool for fishing oil is very simple, an oil drum and a digging rod. The front end of the digging rod is an aluminum bowl, and there are several small holes in the bottom of the bowl, which can filter water and leave oil.

When the manhole cover is opened, the gray-black floating objects exude a stench. Under the stirring of the pole, a few beans can be seen from time to time in the corroded garbage, which proves that they really come from the kitchen.

The second step of the experiment: rough refining

The reporter found an abandoned brick house in Yuhang, built a primitive stove with three bricks, set up an asphalt bucket, poured in a big bucket of waste oil raw materials, ignited and refined.

The fire burned for about twenty minutes, and the liquid in the oil drum boiled completely. The originally turbid liquid gradually became clear, and a thick layer of oil was floating after skimming the surface impurities.

Put it out, and after cooling, pick up the grease on it. These oils are the newly processed gutter oil, which is dark red, looks like old oil and stinks.

The third step of the experiment: refining

After rough refining, the waste oil can’t be put on the table, but also impurities, sediments, decoloration and deodorization should be separated. This time, the method of fine processing of edible oil was fully referenced.

We took 5 liters of crude cooking oil boiled by indigenous method as raw material of crude oil and sent it to a famous large edible oil manufacturer in Zhejiang. Factory technicians Xiao Jing and Xiao Zou (a pseudonym) clearly stated that these crude oil raw materials can be completely refined on their production lines.

"The alkali refining, water washing, decoloration and deodorization of waste oil are exactly the same as the fine processing of edible oil, but the deodorization link is not perfect in the laboratory."

Because it is extracted from the corrupt and acidified floating oil, gutter oil contains a lot of acidic substances, which can only be neutralized by adding alkali, that is, alkali refining.

After adding alkali, the waste oil quickly became turbid, from deep red to yellow similar to milk tea. After stirring, many white coagulants appeared.

"White coagulum is soap feet, which is a good raw material for making soap." Xiao Zou said.

After alkali refining, it is washed with water. The purpose is to accelerate the separation of oil and soapstock. It is very simple to add 10% salt water.

When it was placed in the early morning of the next day, the separation of oil and soap was completed. At this time, although the sour smell was reduced a lot, the color of the gutter oil was still dark red and opaque.

Decolorization is the most critical step in refining waste oil. This requires activated clay, which is an odorless, tasteless and nontoxic adsorbent.

Adding activated clay into the dark red oil in proportion, fully stirring, and turning the whole bottle of oil into black; Let it stand for 30 minutes at the temperature of 110℃-120℃, and then filter out the white clay, and a miracle will appear.

The original dark red and opaque gutter oil has become golden in color, clear and transparent; The tasteless clay, after filtering out, became black and smelled sour.

The last step of refining is deodorization.

Deodorization is also the last step of normal edible oil finishing. After this processing, the oil becomes completely odorless, but it needs to be carried out in a vacuum environment and cannot be operated in the laboratory.

Xiaojing took out a bottle of edible essence, dropped three or four drops into the gutter oil, and smelled it again, and it had no sour smell.

"If I add peanut essence, it smells like peanut oil." Xiaojing said.