Author: Zhao Xiaotao 1 Cong Yulong 2

SETTING: 1. Clinical Laboratory of Peking University People’s Hospital, 2. Clinical Laboratory Center of PLA General Hospital.

Zhao Xiaotao

Deputy Director, Laboratory Department, Peking University People’s Hospital

Chief physician/professor, master tutor. Engaged in clinical molecular detection and related basic research. As the project leader, he was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation, and published many core journals and articles in SCI as the first or correspondent author. Major social workers are members (and secretaries) of the Department of Medical Laboratory in peking university health science center; Standing Committee member (and Secretary-General) of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Branch of China Health Care International Exchange Promotion Association; Deputy head of the special working group on scientific research and postgraduate training of Beijing Inspection Society of Chinese Medical Association; Member of Molecular Diagnosis Group of Laboratory Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association; Director of Laboratory Specialist Branch of Beijing Medical Doctor Association; Member of the Special Committee of Laboratory Medicine of China Association of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Standing Committee of Laboratory Medicine Committee of Beijing Society of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Member of Laboratory Medicine Branch of China Medical Equipment Association; Member of China Medical and Health Care International Exchange Promotion Association, grassroots inspection technology standardization branch, etc.

Malignant tumor is an important disease endangering human life and health, and its incidence has long been at the forefront of disease spectrum and death spectrum, which is a disease of universal concern. The online cloud live broadcast mode was launched for the first time in the 26th National Cancer Prevention Publicity Week held from April 15th to 21st, 2020, and 21.456 million people watched the live broadcast nationwide. This shows that the national medical and health field and the whole society pay attention to the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors. At present, the burden of malignant tumor is still rising in China, which seriously affects people’s health and social life. In recent 10 years, the incidence of malignant tumors in China has increased by about 3.9% every year, and the mortality rate has increased by 2.5% every year. According to the data released by the National Cancer Center in 2019, there were about 3.929 million cases of malignant tumors and 2.338 million deaths in China in 2015. The top five cancers in China are lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer and breast cancer, among which lung cancer and breast cancer rank first among men and women in China respectively. At present, the five-year survival rate of cancer patients in China is about 40%, which is 10% higher than that of ten years ago, but there is still a certain gap compared with developed countries. The reason is that early diagnosis, early treatment and precise medical treatment are the key to prevent and cure tumors, and one of its important means is the extensive and effective application of molecular biological diagnosis technology in clinical laboratories.

1. The development of medical molecular biology promotes the wide application of molecular diagnosis technology in precision medicine.　

Medical molecular biology refers to the study of the structure and function of biological macromolecules at the molecular level, so as to clarify the nature of life phenomena. In recent years, with the emergence of new technologies in the field of medical molecular biology and the continuous improvement of bioinformatics data, the level of molecular diagnosis in clinical laboratories has been greatly promoted, and the progress of medical science has been promoted, so that the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in clinical medicine has risen to a brand-new realm, from morphological or cellular level to the explanation of the mechanism and accurate diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumor diseases from gene level and molecular level, so as to achieve early diagnosis and even susceptibility assessment of diseases, and to evaluate the stages, types, treatment effects and prognosis of diseases. Molecular biology has become an important development direction of modern medicine and precision medicine.

In the field of clinical medicine, the application scope of molecular biology technology and methods is expanding day by day, and its research content and technical means are deepening. At present, it has penetrated into all fields of medicine, including molecular detection of pathogenic microorganisms, genetic detection and diagnosis of congenital diseases and hereditary diseases, genetic detection and diagnosis of malignant tumors, as well as individual drug use gene detection that affects drug metabolism, drug resistance and toxic side effects, individual identification, gene detection related to transplant matching, non-invasive prenatal detection (NIPT) and embryo implantation. Among them, gene detection related to targeted therapy of malignant tumor, multi-locus tumor-related gene detection related to heredity, susceptibility, treatment and prognosis, and whole exon gene detection play an important role in accurate diagnosis, prevention and treatment of malignant tumor.

Second, tumor molecular diagnostic markers and new detection technologies provide an important basis for clinical risk assessment of malignant tumors.

In clinical research, it is the direction of clinical medicine, especially clinical tumor research and basic research, to continuously discover new diagnostic markers of malignant tumors and further explore and study the pathological mechanism of malignant tumors. From the discovery of Bence-Jones protein in the urine of patients with multiple myeloma by Henry Bence-Jones in 1846, which was used as the first tumor marker for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma, up to now, more than 100 tumor markers have been discovered, including protein tumor markers, sugar tumor markers and enzyme tumor markers. With the development of molecular biotechnology, there are more and more categories of tumor biomarkers, such as specific gene mutation, which can affect the effect of tumor-targeted drug therapy, genes related to cell growth and differentiation, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and their products that play a key role in the occurrence and development of tumors, and single nucleotide polymorphism, genome, transcriptome and proteome can all be used as tumor biomarkers. From tumor-related chromosomal abnormalities to tumor-related genetic abnormalities, from tumor-related single nucleotide polymorphisms to tumor-related epigenetic abnormalities, and the study of new molecular markers such as miRNA and LncRNA provide powerful tools for accurate diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors in clinic. By detecting these molecular markers, we can assess the risk of cancer and make early diagnosis, monitoring, early warning, intervention,Reduce the risk of cancer and improve the treatment effect, slow down the development of cancer and even prevent the intervention of cancer.

Due to the rapid development of molecular biology technology, the detection of molecular markers of malignant tumors is more and more accurate and efficient. From the discovery of nuclein by F.Miescher in 1868 to the discovery of double helix structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by Watson and Crick in 1953, from the invention of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by Mullis in 1985 to the wide application of NGS NGS((Next-generation sequencing, also known as second-generation sequencing) technology developed in recent years, from the technical means, At present, the Amplified Arrested Mutation System (AMRs) is applied in clinic, which can be used to detect low-frequency mutations and detect 1% mutations in tissues and cells. More sensitive digital PCR technology can detect 0.1% mutation. For the traditional Sanger sequencing, although it is less sensitive, it has advantages in detecting germline mutations, high-frequency mutations, unknown mutations, clear target genes and few genes. NGS technology has the advantage of Qualcomm, which can sequence hundreds of genes, whole exons and whole genomes at one time. With the maturity of technology, more standardized management, continuous improvement and updating of biological information database, and perfection of data interpretation, combined with technologies such as detecting tumor cells in peripheral blood and free nucleic acids in peripheral blood, through overcoming the heterogeneity of malignant tumors,It will greatly promote the development of this technology and have a broader clinical application prospect.

Third, with the diagnosis of cancer patients tailored to provide the best solution for accurate diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.

At present, with the continuous development of molecular biology technology and the popularization of molecular diagnosis technology in clinical laboratories, the clinical oncology is increasingly widely used in individualized medicine, precision medicine and targeted therapy. Therefore, the concept of companion diagnostics (CDx) came into being. Adjoint diagnosis is an in vitro diagnostic technique related to special drugs, which can identify the best drug users by detecting the variation of proteins and genes in human body and the expression level of genes. The application of CDx in patients with malignant tumor can not only screen out effective treatment schemes for patients, save the time and cost of ineffective treatment, but also improve the compliance of patients taking drugs and reduce unnecessary toxic and side effects.

The development of accompanying diagnosis shows that the correlation between the expression of estrogen receptor and the efficacy of endocrine therapy in breast cancer patients has been studied since 1970s, from protein level to molecular gene level. Herceptin, the first adjoint diagnostic reagent approved by FDA in September, 1998, was used to detect people who used anticancer drug Herceptin, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular structural region of HER-2 receptor tyrosine kinase. As the driving gene of non-small cell lung cancer, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has a sensitive mutation rate of 30%~40% in Asian population. TKI (tyrosine kinase inhibitor) is used as a targeted therapy for such non-small cell lung cancer patients, and their survival time is significantly prolonged, and their tolerance and quality of life are higher than those of traditional chemotherapy. Up to now, FDA has approved NGS associated diagnosis and detection products with multiple genes and cancers, covering 324 genes, including microsatellite instability (MSI) and tumor mutation load (TMB). At present, most of the applications of adjoint diagnosis are used in tumors, mainly including clinical management of non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, breast cancer, colorectal cancer and ovarian cancer. Adjoint diagnosis plays an indispensable role in precision medicine, and its application scope is gradually expanding. It is predicted that it will be developed in the fields of pharmacogenomics, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, central nervous system, infection and so on.

Four, clinical laboratory molecular diagnosis quality assurance and technical specifications and market supervision has a long way to go.

The market demand and development potential of cancer medical treatment promote the development and application of In Vitro Diagnosis (IVD) instruments and reagents, and new technologies emerge one after another. On the other hand, institutions for tumor genetic testing have also flourished. The results of tumor detection are related to the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease, which can be said to be related to the existence of a life. However, due to the high sensitivity and diversity of molecular detection technology, as well as the complexity and uncertainty of specimens and experimental operations, the quality assurance of tumor-related molecular detection is particularly important. From the research and development of reagents and equipment, to the determination of expected clinical use, the establishment and optimization of methods, from the range control of indications to the selection of detection items, methods adopted, the performance confirmation of LDTs or the performance verification of kits, from the selection of specimen types to the collection and transportation of specimens, from the design and layout of space environment to the qualification of personnel, equipment, reagents and technical specifications, from bioinformatics analysis to the interpretation of genetic variation in tumor molecular detection reports, and so on. In order to standardize the medical behavior in the field of tumor genetic testing, the health administrative department has successively issued a number of rules and regulations, and clinical and laboratory experts have also actively formulated national or industry standards, written relevant guidelines, expert consensus, etc., coordinated supervision and liberalization, and jointly promoted the orderly and healthy development of the field of tumor molecular testing.Effectively serve the accurate diagnosis and treatment of clinical malignant tumors.　

With the completion of the human genome project and the post-genome era, as well as the completion of genome-wide association study () of all malignant tumors, more new molecular targets of malignant tumors will be continuously discovered and applied to clinical diagnosis and treatment. At the same time, with the continuous introduction of the application management policy of molecular diagnostic technology and the improvement of supervision, many genetic tests related to malignant tumors will gradually move from basic scientific research to clinical application. The joint application of various molecular biological detection technology platforms, the in-depth study of various new targets, and the intersection and penetration with other disciplines make molecular biological detection play an increasingly important role in the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, drug research and development of malignant tumors. Molecular detection technology in clinical laboratories will help promote the accurate detection, accurate diagnosis, accurate treatment, accurate prediction and accurate prevention of malignant tumors, so that it can serve human health more efficiently and push medical science forward continuously.

Note:This article comes from the topic "Tumor and Adjoint Diagnosis" in the 5th issue of Clinical Laboratory in 2020.

　
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Title map | veer.com 　
Original release date | May 8, 2020　 　

Clinical Laboratory is a journal of medical laboratory technology, with 12 issues a year, each with different topics, tracking industry hotspots, capturing industry direction and paying attention to development frontiers. The electronic version is updated in real time every month, and colleagues are welcome to follow up.

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　"The Song of the Movie" entered Tongxiang, Jiaxing, and Elva Hsiao featured "Strangers"
　"The Song of the Movie" entered Wen Lan, Tongxiang, Jiaxing, and the opening ceremony set off a boom.　
　"Movie Song" Walks into the Rain of Wang Feng, Tongxiang, Jiaxing and "Fly Higher"

　　Movie network news(Photo/Zhang Hangyuwen/Fifth Tiefeng) On the evening of October 23, the concert "Song of the Movie" was passionately staged in the autumn rain in Tongxiang, Zhejiang. Although the whole concert was held in the rain, the enthusiasm of the audience and the actors on the stage did not diminish at all. The wonderful performances of Chen Chusheng, Wu Kequn, Elva Hsiao and Alan Tam not only made the fans forget the cold rainy night, but also made the atmosphere of the whole concert warm and abnormal. In addition, Wen Lan, An Youqi, Wang Zhengliang, Tong Ange, Li Guyi and Priscilla Chan also won a lot of applause and screams from the audience.

Wu Kequn triggered the first wave of climax, and Chen Chusheng sang deeply and was very popular.

　　Wu Kequn’s first song was "your legend", and at this time, when the rain was the heaviest, Wu Kequn sang and danced in the heavy rain, which also triggered the first wave of climax of the audience, and the female fans at the scene screamed again and again. In the second song "Love is Power", Wu Kequn’s affectionate interpretation hit every audience present. Enthusiastic fans rushed to the stage to shake hands with Wu Kequn regardless of the heavy rain and the on-site security guards, and gave their light sticks to idols. "Today’s rain is really heavy, and I see that you are all wet, so the following song is related to wet (poetry)," Writing Poetry for You ",as one of Wu Kequn’s most famous masterpieces, fans sang this song with Wu Kequn while waving light sticks.

　　The appearance of another popular singer, Chen Chusheng, triggered the second climax of the audience. "Forgetting in Jianghu" is the theme song of the film being shown. In the drizzle, dancers draw their swords and dance, and an altar of good wine can’t be filled with heroic pride. Chen Chusheng’s affectionate singing shows how many Jianghu children forget in Jianghu. Hawthorn Flower sings another beautiful love story. The last song "Did Someone Tell You" is destined to be a chorus. For Chen Chusheng’s loyal fans, this song touched countless fans on the talent show stage in 2007, and every note represents the best memories of that summer.

Elva Hsiao Hot Dance Explodes Passion Alan Tam Encounters Male Fan Bear Hug

　　As the divas of the whole concert, Elva Hsiao and Alan Tam proved their strength and status with the highest popularity and screams. Elva Hsiao’s dynamic new song "Miss Handsome" with the dance in the rain immediately ignited the enthusiasm of the audience. Elva Hsiao fans sitting in the front row area flocked to the edge of the stage to interact with Elva Hsiao on the stage regardless of the pouring rain. Subsequently, Elva Hsiao’s classic old song "The Most Familiar Stranger" aroused another affectionate chorus in the audience, and both the loyal fans of Elva Hsiao and the general audience sang along with the beat of the music. After Qu Bi, Elva Hsiao said in an interview with the host Hantao Wang that although it was raining heavily, she was moved by the fans in the audience. "I still remember that the first ticketing concert since my debut was held in heavy rain, and a place in Central Taiwan Province was experiencing typhoon weather." Elva Hsiao took another fast song, and "Confession" sang what she wanted to say most to the audience and what she wanted to express her gratitude and gratitude.

　　The final climax of the audience came from Alan Tam, who was "25 years old forever". A song "Kara is OK forever" made the older audience stand up and sing in chorus. Alan Tam joked, "I thought everyone had left." The audience at the scene shouted: "Principal, we are here." As an evergreen tree in the music world, Alan Tam’s charm can be said to be unmatched, so that when the second song "Friends" was played, the audience stood up and sang in chorus, which became the climax of the whole concert. An emotional male fan even suddenly climbed onto the stage and gave Alan Tam a "bear hug" from behind, which made Alan Tam dumbfounded. When a song "Love in Late Autumn" was deeply sung by Alan Tam, the whole concert came to the warmest end, and the audience waved their light sticks and sang along gently as they left.

Wang Feng sang in front of the audience in Yao Di’s hometown in the rain.

　　"Life in Full Bloom" made Wang Feng burn the audience’s enthusiasm in the rainy night in the south of the Yangtze River. Then a new song "In Spring", Wang Feng’s dull voice sang the longing for life. "The next song is an old song. I have been singing it for many years, but this time I hope to hear it from your heart." Wang Feng ended his passionate performance with a highly sung "Fly Higher", and the audience completely threw the cold out of the clouds with their hard screams.

　　Wuzhen, a water town in the south of the Yangtze River, has attracted countless tourists, and at the same time, it has become the shooting scene of many film and television dramas. There are many scenes in the new version that has just attracted great attention nationwide. Yao Di, the young actor who plays Wang Xifeng in the play, happens to be a native of Tongxiang. This time, in order to meet the folks in his hometown, Yao Di even pushed off a lot of work at hand. "My work schedule was very full these days, but when the concert of" Song of the Movie "found my agent, I said that I must come back to Tongxiang to meet you anyway." A song "Dream of the Red Mansion" won warm applause from the audience.

The actor of "Song of the Movie" guest sang "Borrowed Starlight" on vcr.

　　Although the host of the whole concert was Hantao Wang, the famous host of Michelle’s partner movie channel, there was actually another group of "off-site hosts". They were the four leading actors of the multimedia musical Song of the Movie, Ning, Liu Lu, Liu Yang and Liu Jiuzhang. They shared the simple and elegant natural and cultural scenery of Wuzhen with the audience by recording VCRs, and also introduced the special product "Hangbaiju" of Tongxiang. The four leading actors performed wonderfully in the new musical Song of the Movie, and they just returned from a world tour in Taiwan Province. They sang a song of Song of the Movie, Borrowed Starlight, on the spot, so that the audience who didn’t see the musical Song of the Movie could appreciate the charm of the musical through this short performance.

Related information:Elva Hsiao’s hair was soaked and her head was wrapped in a towel. Wen Lan only wore a vest, and the heat was not reduced

　　China Net Finance March 4 (Reporter Hu Aishan) On the evening of February 29 on the eve of the two sessions, the central bank announced the RRR cut — — Since March 1, the RMB deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions has been lowered by 0.5 percentage point to maintain a reasonable and sufficient liquidity in the financial system, guide the steady and moderate growth of money and credit, and create a suitable monetary and financial environment for supply-side structural reform. This is the first RRR cut by the central bank this year.

　　2016 is the first year of the decisive stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way in China. The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the general secretary holds high the banner of deepening reform, is brave in practice and is good at innovation, and points out the direction for the future economic development of China.

　　The financial industry plays an important role in economic development. The key areas of China’s economic construction, major projects and weak links such as small and micro, "agriculture, countryside and farmers" are all inseparable from the financial support.

　　On July 17, 2015, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader held a symposium of leading comrades of some provincial party committees in Changchun, pointing out: "It is necessary to improve financial services and dredge the channels for finance to enter the real economy, especially small and medium-sized enterprises and small and micro enterprises."

　　The speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary pointed out the problems existing in the process of China’s financial development — — It is in the past that small and medium-sized enterprises faced the problem of financing difficulty and expensive financing in the development process. This "short board" has seriously restricted the healthy development of China’s economy.

　　It has been seven years since the outbreak of the international financial crisis, and the recovery of the world economy is still slow and the growth is still fragile. The important reason for the international financial crisis was that financial development gradually separated from the real economy. On September 5, 2013, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the G20 Summit that "we should continue to strengthen the supervision of the international financial market so that the financial system can truly rely on, serve and promote the development of the real economy."

　　The above speech by the Supreme Leader General Secretary pointed out the development direction of the financial system. Whether it is the world financial system or China financial system, it should be attached to the real economy, serve the real economy and promote its development.

　　To this end, the Central Economic Work Conference held at the end of last year pointed out that in order to reduce the financial costs of enterprises, the financial sector should create a policy environment of interest rate normalization and make profits for the real economy.

　　In the past 2015, China’s banking system has achieved remarkable results in serving the real economy, keeping the bottom line of risks and deepening reform and opening up.

　　In 2015, China added 11.2 trillion yuan of credit funds, 8.5 trillion yuan of wealth management funds, 6.1 trillion yuan of bond investment and 2.3 trillion yuan of trust funds, and revitalized more than 1 trillion yuan of existing loans through asset securitization and disposal of non-performing loans. The newly added and revitalized existing funds are mainly used to support key areas, major projects, small and micro, "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and other weak links.

　　Last year, the China Banking Regulatory Commission formulated the development plan for inclusive finance, improved the overall policy framework for inclusive finance’s development, strengthened supporting policies for financial services in weak areas, and achieved the goal of "three no less than" loans for small and micro enterprises. By reducing fees and profits to reduce the cost of social financing, the fees charged by 21 national banks have been greatly reduced.

　　At the end of last year, the State Council issued the Plan for Promoting the Development of inclusive finance (2016-2020), which established the implementation strategy of inclusive finance at the national level for the first time. The plan points out that vigorously developing inclusive finance is an inevitable requirement for China to build a well-off society in an all-round way, which is conducive to promoting the sustainable and balanced development of the financial industry, promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation, and boosting the transformation and upgrading of the economic development mode.

　　To this end, the China Banking Regulatory Commission proposed to further promote the reform and opening up of the banking industry in 2016. The concrete manifestations are: realizing the normalization of the establishment of private banks and expanding the channels and ways for private capital to enter the banking industry. Support private capital to participate in the restructuring of city commercial banks and rural small and medium-sized financial institutions. Support qualified private capital to initiate the establishment of consumer finance companies, financial leasing companies, enterprise group finance companies, auto finance companies and participate in the establishment of village banks.

　　In order to make the real economy enjoy lower financing costs, the central bank has implemented some monetary policies. According to the working paper "Macroeconomic Forecast of China in 2016" recently released by the central bank, since November 22, 2014, the central bank has cut interest rates and lowered the benchmark interest rate for one-year time deposits from 3.0% to 1.5%, and the benchmark interest rate for medium and long-term loans from 1 to 3 years from 6.15% to 4.75%.

　　Due to the adjustment of these policies and some directional control measures (including refinancing, targeted cuts to required reserve ratios, etc.), the risk-free interest rate and the financing cost of enterprises have dropped significantly. In addition, private lending rates and P2P lending rates also showed a downward trend.

　　On October 29, 2015, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the second plenary session of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee that "enterprises should make profits. The reason why an enterprise is called an enterprise is that it must make profits. Enterprises have no profits and large-scale losses, and they can’t survive after two or three years. That is not only a problem of slower speed, but also the income of employees and government finances, and it will bring financial risks and even social risks. Our policy base should be placed on enterprises, especially real economy enterprises, attach great importance to the healthy development of the real economy and enhance the profitability of the real economy. "

The International Department of Zhanhua Experimental School, the Nanshan Campus of the former Shenzhen Normal University International High School, is currently enrolling students, and the second entrance examination will be held on June 10th.

Xiaobian will be based onThe latest enrollment brochure for 2023Introduce the international department of Zhanhua Experimental School in detail, and interested parents and friends can continue to look down ~

What kind of school is Zhanhua Experimental International Department?

It is understood that Zhanhua Experimental School was established in 2003. It is a private school founded by Zhanhua Education Group with a history of 20 years.

Zhanhua Experimental International Department is a full-time education and teaching platform approved by Shenzhen Education Bureau and authorized by CAIE of Cambridge University, Edexcel and AQA Examination Bureau of Oxford to engage in the teaching, examination and management of international courses. The school was once rated as a first-class school in Guangdong Province and a national moral education demonstration school.

geographical position

Curriculum

Zhanhua Experimental International Department continues to extend the curriculum system of the international high school of Shenzhen Normal University, namelyIGCSE courseandA-Level course, coveringEnglish, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Economics, Biology, Geography.And other subjects.

Teacher status

According to the official introduction, Zhanhua School hired Shenzhen University.Xu huohuiProfessor (the first founder of Shenzhen International Relations University and the founding elder of Shenzhen Normal University International High School) led the International High School Team (AISSU) of Shenzhen Normal University as the management team of Zhanhua International Department, providing enrollment, education, teaching and promotion to study abroad. The international department of Zhanhua Experiment and the international high school of Shenzhen Normal University have unified curriculum, shared teachers and consistent management.

Among them,A-Level foreign teachers with high academic qualificationsProportionMore than 30%,Master students of Chinese educationProportion90%Above,doctorProportionMore than 10%, in whichMore than 60% are returned teachers..

NO.1

Enrollment target

According to Xiao Bian, Zhanhua Experimental International Department has recruited 150 G1 freshmen, who will attend classes in the campus of Zhanhua Experimental School in Longhua Central District in the later period.Some facilities are shared with the private department, but the international department has three separate U-shaped buildings., independent regional schools, providing more international campus facilities and environment.

NO.2

Entrance examination and subjects

Regarding the content of the exam, we can refer to the previous international senior high school exams of Shenzhen Normal University. The written subjects are mathematics and English, and the interview exam after the written exam.

English test

Test questions and scores:Listening includes fill-in-the-blank questions and short-answer questions, totaling 20 questions and 20 points; Grammar includes 5 fill-in-the-blank questions and 5 multiple-choice questions, with a total score of 10 points; Reading includes 1 question and answer fill-in-the-blank question, 3 multiple-choice questions and 1 true-false question, with a total of 35 questions and 50 points; Writing is a letter topic, with a total of 30 points.

[Listening]

Check whether the students can understand the constant-speed English conversation, accurately understand the speaker’s intention and extract effective information/opinions. There are multiple choice questions, short answer questions and fill-in-the-blank questions.

Listening materials mainly cover shopping, academic discussions, libraries, classroom lectures, family life, science and technology reports and other daily life content.

Grammar

Investigate students’ mastery of basic grammar in junior high school (such as tense, subject-predicate agreement, word collocation, sentence structure, etc.), including fill-in-the-blank questions and multiple-choice questions.

[reading]

Examine students’ ability to read quickly and grasp key information. Multiple choice questions+short answer questions are basically information text reading, involving advertisements, newspaper abstracts, popular science articles, news reports and so on.

[writing]

Examine students’ English thinking ability, logical ability and language accuracy, focusing on argumentative writing and letter writing, not less than 150 words.

The underlying logic of the G1 English test is similar to IELTS, and it is completely different from the MAP test method used in the entrance examination of Bethesda and Meisha College (MAP is an examination for native English speakers).

As far as the difficulty and depth of the topic are concerned, it is not as good as IELTS, but it is more difficult than English in the senior high school entrance examination.

The whole English test takes 120 minutes, as long as the whole set of papers can be completed within the specified time, and there is no block time requirement.

Math exam

Test questions and scores:6 multiple-choice questions, 5 points for each question; Fill in the blanks with 6 questions, each with 5 points; Answer 3 big questions, each with 10 points; 1 English question, 10 points.

Investigation contents:

1. Number and formula: rational number, real number, algebraic formula, algebraic expression and fraction;

2. Equations and inequalities: one-dimensional linear equations and one-dimensional linear equations, one-dimensional linear inequalities and one-dimensional linear inequalities;

3. Functions: linear function, inverse proportional function, quadratic function and its properties, trigonometric function;

4. The nature of the image: intersecting lines and parallel lines, triangles, quadrangles, circles, ruler drawing, perspective and projection;

5. Changes of graphics: symmetry of graphics, translation of graphics, rotation of graphics and similarity of graphics;

6. Proof of graphics: the nature theorem and judgment theorem of parallel lines, the sum theorem and inference of triangles and internal angles, and the completeness of right triangles;

The judgment theorem of equality, the property theorem and inverse theorem of angular bisector, the property theorem and inverse theorem of perpendicular bisector;

7. Statistics and probability: range and variance, frequency distribution histogram and frequency line graph, simple calculation of probability, and frequency estimation probability by repeated experiments.

interview

The interview questions will be based on the specific situation of the students. In principle, it will include self-introduction, academic hobbies and questions about future academic planning. Therefore, we should improve our proficiency in English language, exercise our thinking ability, and pay attention to the logic and rigor of expression.

NO.3

Instructions for registration

(1) Application materials:

Electronic ID card (or passport-electronic ID photo (3.5×3.5cm, within 6 months)

Registration fee: 500 yuan (once paid, it will not be refunded)

(2) Registration method:

1) official website registration:

Log in to https://alevel-sz.szu.edu.cn, official website, click "Online Registration" on the right side of the home page, register according to the prompts and pay the registration fee);

(3) Deadline for registration:

Enroll students according to the regulations until the quota is full.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Tianjin, June 3 (Reporter Zhou Runjian) 360 Internet Security Center recently issued a virus alert, saying that a U disk virus named "body double" is being cross-infected in a large number across the country, and computers in print shops all over the country have become carriers of virus infection and spread. It is graduation season, and students are vulnerable to such virus attacks when printing graduation papers and other materials.

　　Tan Heli, an anti-virus engineer of 360, said that the body double virus is very confusing. It will hide the files in the U disk and create a shortcut with the same name as the hidden data as "body double". If the victim double-clicks to open the shortcut when using the computer, the virus in the U disk will be activated and infected with the computer it is connected to, so as to realize rapid cross-propagation between different computers.

　　Tan Heli said that, unlike the common U disk viruses in the past, the body double virus is more stubborn, and it will start a "guardian" process to protect the virus.

　　Although the U disk data hidden by the virus can be found by setting "Show hidden files", the shortcut created by the virus will still remain in the U disk. Tan Heli reminded that you must not delete the shortcut manually, which will lead to the data on the U disk being emptied by the virus. If virus infection is found, you should use professional and safe killing software to kill the virus on the U disk, which can completely remove body double and other U disk viruses and repair files damaged by virus infection.

1905 movie network news Good Will Hunting, a brand-new "talking variety" produced by Horgos Tongxin Culture and jointly produced by iQiyi and Watching Movies, has been launched in iQiyi, and the first two programs have been well received. As a brand-new variety completely created by Ms. Tian Hua, a "gold producer", "Good Will Hunting" abandons the limitations of traditional talk shows on space and time, and the host and guests will exchange views at the dinner table. In the new program, the program group interviewed Yang Zishan, a powerful young actress. The host Jingwei had afternoon tea with him, and they talked a lot about the professional accomplishment that an actor should have. In the program, Yang Zishan responded that some fans called her "the next Tang Wei" and said that she "may be more like Zhao Wei"; She also said in the program that she is very exclusive to variety shows and thinks that variety shows are "not the work that actors should do."

　

At the beginning of the program, the host Jingwei asked Yang Zishan what the criteria were for choosing the script. Yang Zishan responded that the script was "the foundation of a play", and if she could learn something from the play after the audience saw it, she would feel that the role was not played in vain and would feel very happy. Later, she also said that she felt that the actors were "people who can’t make any contribution to the country", so Yang Zishan thought that every role she played in the movies and TV series should bring something different to the audience while entertaining others. In the program, Yang Zishan admits that although he is a member of the entertainment industry, he only likes this part of acting and is not interested in other things, which is why Yang Zishan never hypes or exposes himself too much in the media.

　

However, this concentration has also brought some negative effects to her: Yang Zishan broke the news in the program that she had met her favorite role twice, but the producer finally chose another actress because she was not popular enough. As an actress, being robbed of her role is a very frustrating thing for her. Now, in order to solve this problem, Yang Zishan’s solution is to participate in TV series. She frankly doesn’t care whether others say she is a "movie coffee" or a "TV coffee". She thinks that many TV dramas are excellent and their income is not bad, and they can also enhance their sense of existence in the hearts of the audience. However, Yang Zishan also said very seriously in the program that although participating in variety shows is "high exposure, easy and high income", "this is not what an actor should do" and "he will not express himself in variety shows". She also revealed that she had quarreled because the staff had to participate in variety shows themselves.

　

In the program, Jingwei also asked Yang Zishan if she had ever told the staff "Play a good show or die". Yang Zishan said with a smile that it did happen, indicating that everyone will be lazy, and often you need to force yourself to do a good job. Jingwei immediately said that many netizens recognized Yang Zishan’s acting skills, especially her crying, and also heard that her cornea was broken because she cried too much. Yang Zishan said that this is a normal thing to do in this profession, just like being a chef may cut your hand. At the same time, Yang Zishan also mentioned his old partner, Mark Chao, a guest in the last episode of the program, who suffered from snow blindness because of filming, further supporting the view that it is an actor’s duty to suffer for acting.

　

As a powerful young actress, Yang Zishan has always been in a high-intensity working state. Although she is very concerned about the performance itself, long-term work has made her feel a little tired, and she has decided to take a long vacation and have a rest. Fortunately, Yang Zishan’s husband Wu Zhongtian, her "good sister" and her boss Zhao Wei all supported her decision. It happens that Zhao Wei is also a good friend of the host Jingwei, and Zhao Wei once expressed his love for Yang Zishan in private. Yang Zishan also said that she was lucky to meet Zhao Wei, which gave her a very suitable working environment. She admits that if she changed to another performing arts company, she might have chosen to quit the entertainment industry a long time ago.

　　CCTV News:How to calculate the daily wage and hourly wage? How much should I get for working overtime on holidays and rest days? Sick, how to calculate sick pay? How to calculate the compensation if the legitimate rights and interests are infringed?

　　Xiaobian combs out 10 formulas for labor rights and interests for you, each of which is related to the money bag. Let’s take a look!

　　Calculation formula of daily wage and hourly wage

　　The calculation of daily wages and hourly wages of employees is not determined according to the actual working days or hours of workers every month and day, but according to the monthly paid days and paid hours stipulated by the state.

　　Monthly paid days =(365 days -104 days) ÷12=21.75 days

　　Daily wage = monthly wage income ÷21.75

　　Hourly wage = monthly wage income ÷ (monthly paid days ×8 hours)

　　Calculation formula of overtime pay on rest days

　　Overtime pay per day on legal holidays = overtime pay base ÷21.75×300%.

　　Overtime pay per day for annual leave = overtime pay base ÷21.75×300%

　　Calculation formula of overtime pay for extended working hours

　　If an employer arranges laborers to work outside the standard working hours according to law, it shall pay overtime wages according to the following standards: if the working hours are extended outside the standard working hours, overtime wages shall be paid at least 150% of the hourly wage base.

　　When determining the calculation base of overtime wages, if there is a clear agreement on wages in the labor contract, it shall be determined according to the wage standard not lower than the corresponding post of the laborer. If there is no clear agreement on wages in the labor contract, it shall be implemented according to the collective contract.

　　Calculation formula of economic compensation

　　Economic compensation is a one-time economic subsidy paid by the employer to the workers after the termination of the labor contract.　　

　　The economic compensation shall be paid to the laborer according to the standard of paying one month’s salary for each full year:

　　For more than six months but less than one year, it shall be counted as one year;

　　If it is less than six months, economic compensation of half a month’s salary shall be paid to the workers.

　　Calculation formula of compensation

　　Compensation is the compensation that the employer needs to pay to the laborer according to law after infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of the laborer.

　　The Labor Contract Law stipulates that if an employer commits any of the following acts that infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of workers, it shall be ordered to pay wages and economic compensation to the workers, and may be ordered to pay compensation to the workers equivalent to 1 to 5 times the sum of wages and economic compensation:

　　(1) Deducting or delaying the wages of workers without reason;

　　(2) Refusing to pay workers wages for extended working hours;

　　(3) Paying workers’ wages below the local minimum wage standard;

　　(four) after the termination of the labor contract, the laborer is not given economic compensation in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations. The employer shall be ordered to pay economic compensation to the workers in accordance with the relevant provisions.

　　Article 87 of the Labor Contract Law stipulates: "If the employing unit dissolves or terminates the labor contract in violation of the provisions of this law, it shall pay compensation to the laborer at twice the economic compensation standard stipulated in Article 47 of this law."

　　The specific situation is as follows:

　　(1) If the wage income of the laborer is lost, it shall be paid to the laborer according to the wage income due to the laborer himself, and the compensation fee of 25% of the wage income due shall be paid;

　　(2) If the loss of labor protection benefits is caused to the workers, the labor protection allowances and supplies of the workers shall be supplemented according to the provisions of the state;

　　(3) In case of workers’ work-related injuries and medical treatment losses, in addition to providing workers with work-related injuries and medical treatment according to state regulations, they should also pay compensation equivalent to 25% of medical expenses;

　　(4) If the health of female workers and underage workers is damaged, in addition to providing medical treatment during the treatment according to state regulations, compensation equivalent to 25% of their medical expenses shall be paid;

　　(5) Other compensation expenses agreed in the labor contract.

　　Calculation formula of sick pay

　　If the employee’s sick leave or non-work-related injury lasts for less than 6 months, the enterprise shall pay the sick leave salary according to the following standards:

　　1. If the continuous length of service is less than 2 years, it will be paid at 60% of my salary.

　　2. If the continuous working age is over 2 years and less than 4 years, it will be paid at 70% of my salary.

　　3. If the continuous working age is over 4 years and less than 6 years, it will be calculated according to 80% of my salary.

　　4. If the continuous working age is over 6 years and less than 8 years, it will be paid according to 90% of my salary.

　　5. Those who have worked continuously for 8 years or more shall be paid 100% of their salary.

　　Employees who have been on vacation for more than 6 months due to illness or non-work-related injuries shall be paid by the enterprise for disease relief:

　　1 continuous length of service less than 1 year, according to my salary of 40%.

　　2. If the length of continuous service is over 1 year and less than 3 years, it will be paid according to 50% of my salary.

　　3. Those who have worked continuously for 3 years or more shall be paid 60% of their salary.

　　Calculation formula of maternity allowance

　　1. Maternity allowance: calculated by dividing the payment base of the month when the female employee gives birth by 30 and multiplying it by the number of days of maternity leave.

　　2. Maternity allowance is the salary of female employees during maternity leave. If the maternity allowance is lower than my salary standard, the difference will be made up by the enterprise.

　　Calculation formula of probation salary

　　Article 20 of the Labor Contract Law stipulates that the salary of a worker during the probation period shall not be lower than the lowest salary of the same position in the unit or 80% of the salary agreed in the labor contract, and shall not be lower than the minimum wage standard where the employer is located.

　　The calculation formula of double salary:

　　The calculation method of the applicable prescription for double wages is: when a worker claims double wages, the prescription can be calculated one year from the date when he claims his rights. The double salary actually paid shall not exceed twelve months.

　　 The amount of double wages shall be calculated according to the wages that the employer should normally pay at the corresponding time when the labor contract is not concluded.

　　In addition, it is a continuation of the legal situation that the female employee’s labor contract expires during pregnancy, childbirth and lactation during the prescribed medical treatment period, even if the employer fails to renew the labor contract in time, it is not necessary to pay double wages.

　　Calculation formula of leaving fee for settlement in exit place

　　According to the relevant policies and regulations, all employees who do not meet the retirement conditions and are allowed to settle abroad should report in writing to their original work units or subordinate management institutions before leaving the country, and go through the formalities of resignation, dissolution or termination of labor contracts, termination of pension insurance relations, etc., and the original work units can issue them a one-time resignation fee. The standard is:

　　1. For those who have worked continuously for one year to ten years, their standard salary will be paid for one month each year;

　　2. For those who have worked continuously for more than ten years, starting from the eleventh year, I will be paid a standard salary of one and a half months for each full year of service;

　　3. If the continuous length of service is less than one year, it will be paid for one month, but the total amount of severance payment will not exceed my standard salary of 24 months.

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The exterior design of the BMW i4 continues the sports style of the BMW family, and the iconic kidney-shaped air intake grille is adopted in the front face. However, unlike the traditional fuel vehicle, this air intake grille adopts a closed design, and blue decoration is adopted around it, which shows its identity as an electric vehicle. The air intake under the grille is very sharp, which further enhances the sense of movement of the whole vehicle. The front of the car is equipped with long, narrow and sharp LED headlights, which not only has a unique shape, but also has excellent lighting effect. On the whole, the appearance of BMW i4 not only retains the classic elements of BMW family, but also incorporates the sense of technology and futurity of electric vehicles, which fully embodies the design concept of BMW brand.

The body size of BMW i4 is 4785*1852*1455mm and the wheelbase is 2856mm. The smooth body lines and low body posture endow the BMW i4 with a unique dynamic shape, with a front track of 1601mm and a rear track of 1630mm. This model is equipped with 18-inch rims, which are 245/45 R18 in front of tyre size and 255/45 R18 in rear of tyre size, showing the dynamic and sporty style.

The interior design of BMW i4 shows the perfect combination of luxury and technology. The center console is equipped with a 14.9-inch high-definition touch screen, which provides rich multimedia system, navigation, telephone and air conditioning control functions, and users can easily operate it through the natural voice recognition control system. The steering wheel is made of leather, which supports manual adjustment up and down and back and forth to ensure the comfort of drivers in different driving postures. The front seats are made of imitation leather, genuine leather or fabric/suede, and the main and passenger seats have the functions of front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, height adjustment (4-way), leg rest adjustment and waist support (4-way), which further enhances the riding comfort. In addition, the front seats also have a heating function to meet a variety of use needs. The driver’s seat is equipped with electric seat memory function, which is convenient for users to quickly adjust to the most comfortable state. The car is also equipped with USB and Type-C interfaces in the front and rear rows, as well as the wireless charging function of the mobile phone in the front row to meet the diversified needs of modern travel. The rear seats support the proportional tilting, which further expands the storage space and improves the practicability of the vehicle.

The BMW i4 is equipped with a powerful electric engine with a maximum power of 250 kW and a maximum torque of 430 Nm. This excellent dynamic performance brings drivers the ultimate driving experience and rapid acceleration performance.

The evaluation of BMW i4 is very pertinent, and the excellent sound insulation effect, abundant power and the king’s demeanor of design he mentioned all show the excellent quality of this car. In particular, the volcanic red interior he mentioned is not inferior to Mercedes-Benz, which is undoubtedly a high recognition of the interior design of BMW i4.

Xu Xiaoping (middle) is directing the rehearsal.

Sun Manjun was at the scene of the series of activities to welcome the Spring Festival culture and benefit the people.

Jin Shikuan (middle)

Xu Naiping (left)

Sugar man interacted with the audience in the performance.

Zhang Haibo (right)

Let Wulan Muqi go to a broader stage.

■ Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Xu Xiaoping

The villagers sat around the bus, dancers danced in front of the bus, and the sound of Ma Touqin echoed in the grasslands. The dance is elegant, the music is melodious, the singing is ethereal, and it seems that there are bursts of bells &hellip in the distance; … This is Ejinhoro Banner in Ordos City. At the moment, my team members of Wulan Muqi in Ejinhoro Banner and I are performing the dance "Bells Shake Happy Songs" for farmers and herdsmen.

In 2005, at the age of 17, I joined Wulan Muqi. The Mongolian original meaning of Wulan Muqi is "red bud", which was later extended to "red literary light cavalry". It is a cultural work team born to adapt to the characteristics of production and life in grassland areas. For more than 20 years, I have traveled to more than 100 Gacha villages in Yijinhuoluo Banner, with a cumulative journey of more than 260,000 kilometers. At most, I performed more than 200 performances every year, and I spent one third of the year performing in rural areas in agricultural and pastoral areas. Now he is the vice captain of Wulan Muqi in Ejinhoro Banner. He once participated in the creation of "Happy Song of Bells" and won the 14th China Dance "Lotus Award" for ethnic and folk dance.

I am a native of Ejinhoro Banner. The climate here is dry and windy. When performing at the grass-roots level, the wind blocks the road and cars get stuck in the sand from time to time. In Ejinhoro Banner, which is sparsely populated, the herdsman’s settlement is often hundreds of kilometers away, and my team members and I often go for ten days or even dozens of days, so it is common to sleep outdoors. Going deep into the grassroots all the year round, all kinds of hardships are unimaginable. My wife is also a dancer. My husband and wife have always insisted silently, taking the sky as the curtain and the ground as the stage. Wherever there are people, there are our songs and dances.

Once, we went deep into the pastoral area to perform for the herdsmen. At that time, the weather was very bad and it was raining, but we still insisted on completing the performance, and the herdsmen accompanied us to the end. After the performance, the audience applauded and cheered for us, which made me very moved and gave me the motivation to continue to participate in grassroots literary and artistic work.

In addition to cultural performances, every time we go to the grass-roots level, we will also actively participate in voluntary service, send books, medicine and movies, repair cars and feed horses to shear wool. Wulan Muqi is not only a literary team, but also a coaching team and a service team. In order to improve my creative ability, I have participated in the dance creation class of the National Art Foundation for many times. I hope that my Wulan Muqi can go to a broader stage and show its elegance to the world. (Interview by our reporter Qi Qinqi)　

Spread in a form that the masses like to see and hear.

■ Sun Yujun Bijie City, Guizhou Province

I have been doing grassroots mass cultural work since I joined the work, and it has been more than 20 years. I studied dance. In the early years, I worked as a dancer in the city’s art troupe and often performed in towns and villages with the group. Later, I worked as a director and director of song and dance performances in the city cultural center and became a planner and organizer of sending culture to the countryside. Although the role has changed, the sense of participation is stronger.

Every month, we organize cultural activities. During the Spring Festival this year, the Municipal Cultural Center organized activities to write Spring Festival couplets, arranged a photo exhibition, and took family photos for the villagers. Everyone was very happy. Sometimes there are cultural performances, about a dozen programs, which usually last for more than an hour. Although the time is not long, it will take about a month to prepare in the early stage to ensure that the programs performed for the masses are wonderful enough.

There are many ethnic minorities in Bijie City. Every time we go to towns where ethnic minorities live in concentrated communities, we will prepare special programs for them, such as yi dance and Miao songs and dances. On special festivals, such as the Year of the Yi People and the Flower Slope Festival of the Miao People, actors will also go to the scene to sing and dance to create a cheerful festive atmosphere.

In order to attract more people and make the scene more lively, the main venue for our performance is the villagers’ square, or the wide place at the door of ordinary people’s homes. Sometimes, the performance will be integrated with policy propaganda, such as urban and rural residents’ medical insurance policies, laws and regulations, etc., and spread in a way that the masses like.

I have been doing grass-roots literature and art work for many years, and I obviously feel the increase of people’s participation. In the past, I helped villagers rehearse programs. Although they were willing to participate, they felt that they were just a pastime and didn’t care at all. Now, the masses will spend their own money to buy costumes, rehearse in advance, and strive for better program results.

The villagers’ mental outlook has taken on a new look. They used to sit under the stage and watch passively. Now, they are more eager to show themselves on the stage. I was deeply impressed once. When we finished the performance, the villagers strongly asked us to stay and watch their square dance, and we readily agreed.

The problem of food and clothing for villagers has long been solved. What we have to do is to enrich their cultural life. Every time I go to the grassroots level, I will be very satisfied to send a variety of programs to the people and get recognition. I intend to continue to do mass cultural work. After all, for literary and art workers like me, "Gold cups and silver cups are not as good as the reputation of ordinary people!" (Interview by our reporter Chen Yiyi)　

Protecting and Inheriting Daur Culture

■ Jin Shikuan Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province

I am a grass-roots literary and art worker in Meilisi Daur area of Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province. A job change in 2007 made me a member of Meris Cultural Center. When I first set foot on this land, the distinctive folk customs attracted me. Music made me attached to this land, and it was hard to give it up from then on.

Sihu, for me, is not only a musical instrument, but also a symbol of Daur culture. As an accompaniment instrument of the national intangible cultural heritage project "Wuqin of Daur nationality", Sihu has a unique timbre and melody. To this end, after entering the cultural center, I studied Sihu. How to master playing skills quickly? I started with learning erhu performance, and deeply studied the music history and cultural background of Daur nationality, and gradually integrated the unique charm of Daur nationality into Sihu performance. After finishing my studies, I volunteered to carry out the teaching of "Four Lakes" in the cultural center, and trained thousands of people before and after.

The Daur nationality has a profound historical background and charming charm. However, with the development of the times, Daur literature and art are facing the risk of no successor. How to make more people know and fall in love with Daur literature? I wrote songs such as "Auspicious Daur" and "Purple Fragrance in Spring". There is no written record of Daur language, and the ancient songs passed down from mouth to mouth are facing extinction. In view of this situation, I have excavated and compiled nearly 100 Daur’s "Wuqin" rap and "Hack Maile" dance accompaniment, and compiled them into a book to help Daur’s intangible cultural heritage be protected and passed down.

I have encountered many difficulties, but I have also met many like-minded partners, and I am even more fortunate to see the government send cultural heritage to the campus and bring it into thousands of families. Whether it’s going into school to teach children to dance Daur dance or going into the community to bring colorful cultural activities, every performance and exchange can make more people feel the unique charm of Daur culture. Everyone’s love for Daur culture is my courage to move forward.

In 2024, I was appointed as Deputy Secretary-General by Qiqihar Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Association, which is not only an affirmation of my past work, but also an expectation of my future responsibilities. I am eager to make Daur culture glow with more dazzling brilliance through my own efforts! (Interview by our reporter Guo Xiaolong)　

Behind the scenes are serving the masses.

■ Xu Naiping Xining City, Qinghai Province

In 2007, I came to the Cultural Center of Chengxi District from the former Xining Qin Opera Troupe, and it has been more than ten years now. When I was 14 years old, I was admitted to the student class of Shaanxi Chang ‘an Troupe to study the performance of traditional operas (Shaanxi Opera). It took me more than 30 years to rehearse a large number of modern operas, costume dramas, traditional operas and self-made dramas. I played 50 or 60 different roles, performed more than 200 performances on average every year, traveled all over Qinghai’s urban and rural areas and five northwestern provinces, and participated in provincial, municipal and national drama (opera) competitions for 30 or 40 times, and got good results every time.

The creation of stage works has always been my dream, but I didn’t expect it to become my main job after I arrived at the cultural center. Someone asked me, "What is the biggest difference between being in a troupe and a cultural center?" I replied, "The former should stand in the center of the stage, and the latter should push the masses to the center of the stage."

To tell the truth, I cried a few times during the reform of the Literary and Art Troupe in 2007: the long-established professional troupe "Xining Qin Troupe" was gone. What should I do after leaving the stage? However, after in-depth understanding, I found that the masses have a strong demand for drama performance and drama creation.

How to create works that the masses like to see and hear? After extensive research, I found that the works are not too long, and the capacity is not too large, which shows that one thing is reasonable. Therefore, sketches, skits, allegro, sitcoms and folk art have become the best forms of works.

Works can’t work without a platform, let alone without collaborators. Without a platform, the audience can’t see new works, and without collaborators, the works can’t be displayed brilliantly. Fortunately, there are many mass cultural teams, which provide me with collaborators and platforms.

The length and amount of information of the works I created are not large, but they are full of connections, joys and sorrows, singing, reading and playing, summing up in practice, perfecting in summary and forming in perfection … … In the process of creation, I am completely immersed in my work, and I feel that I can serve the masses with easy-to-understand work style and performance style, and I will be happy. Sometimes, I can play one of the roles and live an addiction to my old job.

Today, I am the chairman of Xining Dramatists Association. In my long career, I have always insisted that mass culture should keep up with and reflect the times. We should serve the society and the masses and be a literary and art worker based on the masses. (Interview by our reporter Jia Fengfeng)　

The wooden stick is passed down from generation to generation.

■ Zhang Jing Fengdu County, Chongqing

I am 53 years old. I am the third generation representative inheritor of Chongqing Fengdu non-legacy wooden stick opera and the head of Yibai Puppet Art Troupe in Fengdu County. It was nearly 30 years ago that I became attached to puppet shows.

I used to work in a scenic spot in Fengdu County. In 1995, in order to attract more tourists, the unit set up a puppet show team, and I was one of them. At that time, we didn’t know anything about puppet shows, let alone how to perform them, so the unit hired professional teachers from other places to give guidance. Starting from basic training, after half a year of hard training, we gradually entered the door.

In those years, there were many domestic and foreign tourists visiting Fengdu, and puppet shows were very popular among tourists, with more than 8 performances every day. Gradually, I fell in love with puppet shows. In 2016, I set up my own art troupe. At that time, I knew that there had already been a puppet show in Fengdu — — It’s just a wooden stick opera, and it’s still a county-level intangible heritage in Fengdu. In order to better inherit and develop the wooden stick opera in Fengdu, I worshipped the local master and went out of Fengdu to learn from domestic professional academies.

Our team is an active participant in local mass cultural brand activities. In 2017, it was included in the service team of literary volunteers belonging to the County Cultural Center. At that year’s Fengdu Temple Fair, we performed publicly for domestic and foreign tourists and the general public. Everyone was attracted by our original wooden stick opera, and the performance lasted for more than 50 minutes, which made many viewers stare. During the 7-day temple fair, we performed two performances every morning and afternoon, and the venue was full. Some viewers were not satisfied with one performance, and then they watched the second and third performances, and the team members enjoyed themselves.

The audience’s love gives us great confidence. We have also created and rehearsed a series of wooden stick dramas according to Fengdu folk stories, and directed small plays such as Singing a Folk Song for the Party, Dancing in a Dress and Feather, and Greeting the Puppet according to different activity themes.

The growth and progress of the team can not be separated from the support of the masses, and we regard giving back to the audience as the most important thing. While creating and rehearsing the wooden stick drama, the team continued to participate in nearly 100 performances in Fengdu County during the annual temple fair, as well as activities such as entering the campus and sending culture to the countryside, and participated in thousands of normalized performances in famous mountain scenic spots. The performances received a total of 800,000 tourists. Although very tired, they were very happy. (Interview with Kang Pu and Li Dayuan)　

The creation of ice and snow is hot

■ Jilin City, Jilin Province, Zhang Haibo

On the fifth day of Lunar New Year’s Eve, there was a lot of people in the ski resort, and a sitcom was staged at Vanke Songhua Lake Resort in Jilin City. On that day, I played a historical figure and staged a "cross-time dialogue" in the ice and snow. The New Year in the ski resort is a microcosm of the cultural tourism activities in Jilin Province. As the deputy head of Jilin Opera Troupe Co., Ltd., I led a team to actively participate in the publicity of ice and snow tourism, making laughter more full in the ice and snow.

I have been interested in traditional Chinese opera since I was a child. After graduating from local opera major in 2003, I took to the stage and devoted myself to the creation and performance of Errenzhuan and Jiju Opera. Over the years, I have been down-to-earth and worked hard to create works with temperature. In 2023, I led a team to participate in 273 performances. Whether in the fields or on the theater stage, the happiest thing is always to see the audience smile from the heart.

Creation comes from the fiery life. In July 2023, the large-scale modern Ji Opera "Happy Flowers Bloom" was staged in Jilin People’s Grand Theatre after repeated polishing, and the response was enthusiastic. The play depicts the prospect of rural revitalization and shapes the image of rural party member cadres serving the people wholeheartedly. In the process of creating a row, the main actors and I went to Sandaohezi Village, Dashitou Town, Dunhua City, Jilin Province to experience life, sat on the kang and listened to the prototype of the story to tell our personal experience, and went into the processing factory and cattle breeding base to experience it and understand the real story. The creative team gained a lot when they came back from collecting wind.

In recent years, Jilin City has actively promoted the activity of "Opera Entering Campus" to let children feel the charm of literature and art on campus. In 2023, "Opera on Campus" performed 10 performances in 10 schools in the city, and I participated in every performance. On campus, we perform excerpts from the plays of model figures such as Jiao Yulu and Huang Danian, as well as traditional plays such as Decisive Cases in Hu County, as well as handkerchief stunts and other programs that are popular with children. A few years ago, I participated in more than 100 large-scale modern Ji Opera "Huang Danian" jointly created and arranged by Jilin Opera Troupe and Jilin Song and Dance Troupe.

Happily, the just-concluded Jilin Errenzhuan Drama Sketch Art Festival was announced, and I won the honor of being one of the "Four Famous Ugliness". This also inspired me to continue to work hard and take every performance seriously.

Spring returns to the earth, and in the new year, we will continue to take root in the masses and create and perform works with more life flavor. (Interview by our reporter Zheng Zhiwen)

People’s Daily Overseas Edition (12th edition, March 21st, 2024)