On the occasion of Chinese New Year in the Year of the Loong, Russians are busy preparing for the general election from March 15th to 17th, which will be the first highlight of the global "super election year" in 2024.

　　According to the Global Times, the Russian Central Election Commission announced the list of candidates for the presidential election on February 8. In addition to Putin, the other three candidates are Russian Duma Vice Chairman Da Vankov, Liberal Democratic Party leader slutsky and communist party candidate Harry Tonov.

　　According to a poll conducted by the Russian Public Opinion Research Center, 62% of the respondents said they would definitely vote, 14% said they might vote, 4% said they might not vote, and 7% said they would definitely not vote.

　　The poll was conducted by telephone interview on February 8, and a total of 1,600 Russian citizens over the age of 18 were surveyed. Among the respondents who intend to vote, 75% said they would support Putin in the general election, 5% said they would support Vladislav da Vankov, the candidate of the New Party, Nikola Khaled Tonov, the candidate of the Russian Communist Party, and Leonid slutsky, the candidate of the Liberal Democratic Party, tied for third place with 4% support rate. The results of the latest polls show that the number of people who support Putin’s re-election this time is very close to the 76.69% vote rate of Putin in the latest 2018 general election.

　　As a world-class power that ranks among the "five permanent members" of the United Nations, holds a powerful nuclear arsenal, vast resources and global political influence, Russia, which has experienced two years of Russian-Ukrainian conflict, has become a hot topic of global concern at the juncture of this general election.

Above: On February 12, 2024, Russian President Vladimir Putin presided over the Russian Economic Work Conference.

Who is singing "Against Taiwan" with Putin?

　　Compare the four candidates who participated in the Russian presidential election-in terms of age, Harry Tonov is the oldest, 75 years old; The youngest is da Vankov, who has just turned 40. In terms of academic qualifications, all four candidates have received higher education. Putin and Harry Tonov are associate doctors in economics (equivalent to Dr. China), da Vankov is associate doctor in sociology, and slutsky is doctor in economics (equivalent to postdoctoral fellow in China).

　　In terms of election experience, two of the four presidential candidates have participated in the presidential election. Putin participated in the presidential election four times, and Harry Tonov participated in a presidential election in 2004. Slutsky and da Vankov ran for the first time this year.

　　In terms of duties, except Russian President Vladimir Putin, the other three candidates are all members of the State Duma (lower house of parliament), Da Vankov is the vice chairman of the State Duma, slutsky is the chairman of the State Duma International Affairs Committee, and Harry Tonov is the chairman of the State Duma Far East and Arctic Development Committee.

　　In terms of property, according to the income information submitted by four people from 2017 to 2023, Da Vankov earned the most. His income in six years was about 76.91 million rubles (about 5.945 million yuan), and his wife earned 810,000 rubles (about 62,000 yuan). Slutsky has the lowest income, with an income of about 35.98 million rubles (about 2.78 million yuan) and his wife’s income of 29.16 million rubles (about 2.25 million yuan). Putin has the largest deposit, about 54.41 million rubles (about 4.205 million yuan), and slutsky has the least deposit, with only 1,285 rubles (about 990,000 yuan). However, slutsky has the most real estate, with 7 properties; Putin has the least real estate, only an apartment and a parking space in St. Petersburg.

　　Apart from Putin who registered for the election by self-nomination, who are the other three-Da Vankov, slutsky and Harry Tonov?

　　Gou Liwu, an assistant professor at the School of Marxism of Tongji University and a young researcher at the Russian Research Center of East China Normal University, the key research base of humanities and social sciences of the Ministry of Education, told Xinmin Weekly that Vladislav da Vankov was born in Smolensk in 1984 and was the youngest of the four presidential candidates. Da Vankov graduated from Moscow University in 2006, joined nechayev’s company in the same year, and was promoted to vice president in 2013. In 2020, nechayev founded the New Party, and appointed Da Vankov as the chairman of the Central Executive Committee. In 2021, he was elected as a member of the Russian Duma, and Duma Chairman Volodin appointed Da Vankov as the vice chairman of the Duma. Da Vankov is a rare moderate opposition. During the COVID-19 epidemic, it opposed compulsory vaccination. In the Russian vote to recognize the independence of Donetsk and Lugansk, the New Party was the only party that abstained. In addition, da Vankov also supported the candidacy of Najreddin, a fellow candidate.

　　Slutsky, born in 1968, is the leader of the ultra-nationalist Liberal Democratic Party and has rich professional experience. Since 1999, he has served in the State Duma and successively served as the first vice-chairman and chairman of the State Duma International Affairs Committee. Because he has a doctorate in economics, he has served as a teacher in colleges and universities, a senior bank manager and an adviser to the mayor of Moscow. It is worth noting that slutsky has been accused of sexual harassment, violation of traffic regulations, bribery and many other charges, among which Nabal also accused him of illegally accumulating wealth. Since 2014, slutsky has been sanctioned by many countries in the United States and the European Union for supporting Putin’s policy on the Ukrainian crisis.

　　Harry Tonov, born in 1948, is a member of the Russian Communist Party of party member. He is the oldest of the four candidates. Harry Tonov, a former party member of the Agricultural Party, has served in the State Duma since 1994. He quit the Agricultural Party in 2007 because he was dissatisfied with the cooperation between the Agricultural Party and the United Russia Party, and joined communist party in 2008, with strong support from zyuganov. Since 2011, he has served as the chairman of the Far East and Arctic Development Committee. Harry Tonov once participated in the presidential election on behalf of the Russian Communist Party in 2004, with 13.69% of the votes second only to Putin. Although Harry Tonov opposed Putin’s series of propositions, Harry Tonov was sanctioned by the United States and the West for supporting Putin’s position on the Ukrainian crisis.

Several forces in Russian politics today

　　The political map of Russia has changed greatly in the past 24 years. Yekaterina Denzova, a candidate who opposed the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, announced that she would participate in the 2024 presidential election as an independent candidate and launched an anti-war political platform, but the Russian Central Election Commission rejected her nomination. Later, Deng Zuowa found another way to set up the Dawn Party, but it still ended without results. And Deng Zuowa had the same experience as Najreddin, who sharply criticized the "special military action". Although Najreddin won the signature support of more than 100,000 voters, it was questioned.

　　In fact, even if Deng Zuowa and Najreddin can participate in the presidential election, they will not pose any threat to Putin. However, the Russian Central Election Commission still prohibits them from participating in the election for the same reason, and there is no information about these two candidates in the final list of candidates.

　　Gou Liwu pointed out that after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, all the participating republics started the so-called "democratic transformation" to varying degrees, and also established a political party election system similar to that of the West during this period, but some of them did not completely copy the free election system of the West, but merged their own political traditions. Russia, Ukraine and Belarus have all participated in the presidential election independently. In Russia, Yeltsin, the first president, and then Putin and Medvedev all participated in the presidential election in an independent capacity and were successfully elected president. In Ukraine, the first President kravchuk, and later Kuchma and Yushchenko all participated in the presidential election as independent candidates and were successfully elected. In Belarus, from 1991 to the present, all previous presidential candidates participated in the presidential election as independent.

　　It is worth noting that Putin is not the leader of the All-Russian Party, but the leader of the All-Russian People’s Front. As a political party alliance, the All-Russian People’s Front includes United Russia Party, Just Russia-Patriot-For Truth Party, All-Russian Party "Motherland" Party, Newcomer Party, Russian Ecological Party "Green Party" and Russian Progressive Socialist Party. In Russia, in 2018 and this presidential election, although Putin participated in the presidential election as an independent candidate, he also had an identity as the leader of the All-Russian People’s Front.

　　According to the Russian election law, non-political party candidates need to be nominated by a group of at least 500 supporters, in addition, at least 300,000 supporters’ signatures need to be collected. The groups that nominated Putin included senior officials of the ruling United Russia Party, famous Russian actors and singers, athletes and other public figures. Therefore, Putin’s participation in the election as an independent candidate shows to a great extent that he represents the interests of all Russian people, rather than representing Russia through a certain political party.

　　Apart from the All-Russian People’s Front led by Putin, what are the main forces in Russian politics today?

Above: Russia will hold a presidential election from March 15th to 17th, 2024, and the voting will last for three days.

　　Xu Changzhi, deputy secretary-general of the Sino-Russian strategic cooperation high-end cooperation think tank of the China Academy of Social Sciences and a researcher at the Eurasian Institute for Social Development of the the State Council Development Research Center, said that according to the traditional classification method, there are probably several forces in the Russian Federation’s current political arena: first, the United Russia Party represents the traditional center-right forces; The second is the Russian Republic, just Russia-patriots-for the truth party, belonging to the center-left; The third is the liberal democratic party, which represents the extreme right forces; The fourth is the newly established New People’s Party, which is also a center-right force, but it is different from the traditional center-right force represented by all-Russian party representatives. It mainly represents young people who support the center-right position.

　　Since he became acting president of Russia on December 31, 1999 and took office on May 7, 2000, Putin has been in power for 24 years, from being president to being prime minister and then being president. In the past 24 years, various forces in Russian politics have probably developed in two ways: one is to be incorporated into the system and become the opposition in the establishment, such as the Russian Communist Party, the Communist Party of Russia, the Liberal Democratic Party and the New Party; On the other hand, if you take a position that does not support Putin, you will either be driven out of the country, put in prison, or fail to register as a presidential candidate.

Navalny’s death has limited impact.

　　It is particularly noteworthy that Russia’s main opposition leader Navalny died suddenly in prison recently. He was once regarded as the only person most likely to influence the presidential election. So, will his death affect the next general election?

Above: Ukraine confirmed that Navalny died of thrombosis.

　　Navalny, who is of Russian and Ukrainian descent at the same time, graduated from Russian People’s Friendship University, Federal University of Finance and Economics and Yale University successively. In 2000, he joined the United Democratic Party of Russia "Yabolu" and began to go into politics in 2002. Because of the discrepancy between his ideology and his political party, he was expelled from the party in 2007.

　　Later, he began to become a Russian dissident leader against Putin, and during the election of the Russian State Duma in 2011, he accused the United Russia Party of cheating in the election, organized demonstrations, and eventually turned into a nationwide anti-Putin incident and was arrested and imprisoned. On December 30, 2014, Navalny was found guilty of fraud and sentenced to imprisonment with a three-and-a-half-year suspension. However, in 2016, the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation overturned this judgment.

　　In 2018, he was arrested several times, but was quickly released. In August 2020, he was suspected of being poisoned on his way back to Moscow from Siberia by plane, and Putin approved him to go to Germany for treatment. Navalny said that the behind-the-scenes ambassador of the "poisoning" incident was the Russian government, while the Russian government believed that it was directed and performed by Navalny and western intelligence agencies.

　　After escaping a robbery, he returned to Moscow in January 2021 and was detained as soon as he arrived at the airport. In 2021, he was sentenced to three and a half years in prison for economic crimes, and in 2022, he was sentenced to nine years in prison for contempt of court and election fraud. In August last year, he was sentenced to 19 years in prison for sedition and other crimes.

　　In December last year, Navalny’s spokesman claimed that after losing contact with him for three weeks, he found that he was transferred to the third prison of Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Region in Siberia to serve his sentence. On February 14th this year, he also sent a message to his wife, You Liya, on social networking sites through his lawyer, with sweet photos of them. Unexpectedly, two days later, he died unexpectedly …

　　In response to Navalny’s accidental death, the EU adopted the 13th round of sanctions against Russia, and the United States also imposed a new round of sanctions on Russia. Ironically, later, the Ukrainian side announced that the information from the intelligence system that Navalny died of thrombotic disease indirectly proved that he was not killed by Putin. "According to the official Russian poll data, Putin’s public support rate still maintains an absolute advantage of 75%, so even if Navalny’s accidental death will have a certain impact on Russian society, in the early days of the’ special military operation’, the Russian government has taken countermeasures in the fields of society and public opinion, so it has little impact on the upcoming presidential election." Yan Liwu said. The support rate is as high as 75%, far higher than other candidates who follow closely. This means that in the Russian presidential election in 2024, there is no suspense for Putin to be re-elected. Reporter | Chen Bing

1905 movie network news Produced and directed by Shanghai Animation Film Studio, the classic animation of China officially landed in major cinemas across the country on November 5th, and released a word-of-mouth special. Many viewers who had watched the premiere before spontaneously came to Amway after watching the film, saying that they didn’t know why it was one of the best China animations in the eyes of countless people until they watched the film. "The feeling of watching on the big screen is different", "Let the world know that this is the real China animation" and "Many things with China characteristics that we pursue are in this film".

Since the film was self-edited, the film "Tianshu Qitan 4K Commemorative Edition" has caused many hot discussions among netizens for its sincere display of China traditional culture. At the previous premiere, the deeply rooted role images, funny and humorous story contents and the beautiful national style of brush and ink landscapes were unanimously recommended by many peers in the industry and the media. With today’s release, the film, which was hailed as a "landmark", officially met the national audience on the big screen, and the four behind-the-scenes highlights were also announced one by one.

Aspect 1: Meeting with History Witness the significance of China’s animation inheritance after 38 years.

Thirty-eight years ago, the film was born, and the classics that condensed the efforts of countless artists were born. Fantastic ideas, profound China myths and stories, and extremely advanced role images have captured countless audiences. Today, it is still regarded as one of the best China animations by many people.

Thirty-eight years later, the film "Tianshu Qitan 4K Commemorative Edition" was released nationwide on November 5, spanning the long river of time, and this profound China animation once again entered the public’s field of vision. For the audience who have seen it, this restoration is a gift to let them go back to childhood, while for the audience who have not yet experienced it, this work can make them feel refreshed. Since the development of China animation, the inheritance and innovation behind it have always remained unchanged, and "The Wonder Tan in the Book of Heaven" is one of the important works that cannot be ignored in the development process. Today’s restoration and release is not only popular, but also a lesson from history.

Aspect 2: Talk to yourself and focus on the core of China’s animation "fantastic beauty"

As an animated feature film, the drawing process of "Tian Shu Qi Tan" is full of hardships. According to director Yunda Qian’s recollection, painters judged the time required for the characters’ lines by lip-synching with stopwatches, so as to draw the corresponding mouth shapes of the characters. Painters worked overtime day and night, painting for three years, and finally created this classic in the history of China animation with perseverance and talent. Different from the image of "Gao Daquan" created by mainstream literary and artistic works at that time, "Tian Shu Qi Tan" focuses on the unique aesthetics of strangeness, interest and beauty. The unique character modeling and imaginative strangeness, vivid and three-dimensional interest of various characters and beauty of national art and culture in the film fully show the creative core of China animation.

Famous media people and writers once praised the film’s "family fun" characteristics at its premiere. She sincerely recommended all the audience to take their children into the cinema to watch, and said that the best parent-child relationship is to take their children to watch cartoons they watched as children. The famous film and television director also recalled his childhood fun after watching the film. He once put a cake on his head like an egg. Sometimes the pleasure brought by the film is not only the movie itself, but also the memory and emotion it brings. Well-known film and television actors said that they were very honored to see it in the cinema, and they had no regrets in their childhood.

Aspect 3: Coexistence with the Times, Advanced Interest Adapting to the Choice of Watching Movies for All Ages

The simple but not simple storyline and vivid and interesting character images of "The Wonderful Tale of Heaven" show us the unique features of the Chinese nation, so that folk art, ancient myths and national wisdom can be presented and passed down in the form of animation. Audiences of all ages can find childlike innocence and fun in the film, such as the strange-looking fox mother, which left an indelible impression on many people’s hearts after 70 s and 80 s. For the first-time audience, many plots in the film are attractive enough, such as the cornucopia constantly "copying" dad’s famous scenes, etc. In the previous advance viewing, many people said that "it was the first time I saw it, and it was very novel and fun", which proved that its story content is still out of date and timeless, and it can not only enjoy the visual baptism of the beautiful national scenery, but also appreciate many excellent traditional cultures.

Aspect 4: Blending with the nation and carrying forward China’s excellent traditional culture have a long way to go.

Today, with the prevalence of multiculturalism, many excellent works have emerged in the animation market at home and abroad. The restoration and release of "The Wonder of Heaven" has made many people start to think about the significance of China’s animation. China’s 5,000-year-old civilization has provided a good cornerstone for China’s animation creation. With its unique style and perspective, China Animation School has a special place in the world animation stage, which highlights the fine tradition of China culture and has its own unique national characteristics.

As one of the representative works of China School, the film "The Wonder of Heaven" draws lessons from the artistic elements such as paintings, sculptures, toys and operas in China’s traditional culture, and brings together many folk images, such as a large number of folk music used as background music, and the little emperor marveled at the "birds flying at the phoenix", walking on stilts, dancing dragons and lions and other folk activities, which can be described as a "folk grand view garden". The modeling of the three foxes draws lessons from the traditional Chinese opera facial makeup, which makes the audience unforgettable; The gardens, palaces, courtyards and mountains and rivers in the film follow the "wu school" style, drawing the human landscape with meticulous brushwork and heavy colors, and drawing the natural landscape with elegant ink and wash. The revisiting and attaching importance to the "China School" is, on the one hand, to commemorate the forgetfulness, and, on the other hand, to take history as a mirror to arouse the rethinking of nationalization in China’s animation creation.

The 4K Commemorative Edition of Tian Shu Qi Tan officially landed on the national big screen on November 5, and the classic is full of vitality of the times. I believe it will bring an excellent viewing experience that cannot be missed to many audiences!

Author: Zhao Xiaotao 1 Cong Yulong 2

SETTING: 1. Clinical Laboratory of Peking University People’s Hospital, 2. Clinical Laboratory Center of PLA General Hospital.

Zhao Xiaotao

Deputy Director, Laboratory Department, Peking University People’s Hospital

Chief physician/professor, master tutor. Engaged in clinical molecular detection and related basic research. As the project leader, he was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation, and published many core journals and articles in SCI as the first or correspondent author. Major social workers are members (and secretaries) of the Department of Medical Laboratory in peking university health science center; Standing Committee member (and Secretary-General) of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Branch of China Health Care International Exchange Promotion Association; Deputy head of the special working group on scientific research and postgraduate training of Beijing Inspection Society of Chinese Medical Association; Member of Molecular Diagnosis Group of Laboratory Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association; Director of Laboratory Specialist Branch of Beijing Medical Doctor Association; Member of the Special Committee of Laboratory Medicine of China Association of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Standing Committee of Laboratory Medicine Committee of Beijing Society of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Member of Laboratory Medicine Branch of China Medical Equipment Association; Member of China Medical and Health Care International Exchange Promotion Association, grassroots inspection technology standardization branch, etc.

Malignant tumor is an important disease endangering human life and health, and its incidence has long been at the forefront of disease spectrum and death spectrum, which is a disease of universal concern. The online cloud live broadcast mode was launched for the first time in the 26th National Cancer Prevention Publicity Week held from April 15th to 21st, 2020, and 21.456 million people watched the live broadcast nationwide. This shows that the national medical and health field and the whole society pay attention to the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors. At present, the burden of malignant tumor is still rising in China, which seriously affects people’s health and social life. In recent 10 years, the incidence of malignant tumors in China has increased by about 3.9% every year, and the mortality rate has increased by 2.5% every year. According to the data released by the National Cancer Center in 2019, there were about 3.929 million cases of malignant tumors and 2.338 million deaths in China in 2015. The top five cancers in China are lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer and breast cancer, among which lung cancer and breast cancer rank first among men and women in China respectively. At present, the five-year survival rate of cancer patients in China is about 40%, which is 10% higher than that of ten years ago, but there is still a certain gap compared with developed countries. The reason is that early diagnosis, early treatment and precise medical treatment are the key to prevent and cure tumors, and one of its important means is the extensive and effective application of molecular biological diagnosis technology in clinical laboratories.

1. The development of medical molecular biology promotes the wide application of molecular diagnosis technology in precision medicine.　

Medical molecular biology refers to the study of the structure and function of biological macromolecules at the molecular level, so as to clarify the nature of life phenomena. In recent years, with the emergence of new technologies in the field of medical molecular biology and the continuous improvement of bioinformatics data, the level of molecular diagnosis in clinical laboratories has been greatly promoted, and the progress of medical science has been promoted, so that the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in clinical medicine has risen to a brand-new realm, from morphological or cellular level to the explanation of the mechanism and accurate diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumor diseases from gene level and molecular level, so as to achieve early diagnosis and even susceptibility assessment of diseases, and to evaluate the stages, types, treatment effects and prognosis of diseases. Molecular biology has become an important development direction of modern medicine and precision medicine.

In the field of clinical medicine, the application scope of molecular biology technology and methods is expanding day by day, and its research content and technical means are deepening. At present, it has penetrated into all fields of medicine, including molecular detection of pathogenic microorganisms, genetic detection and diagnosis of congenital diseases and hereditary diseases, genetic detection and diagnosis of malignant tumors, as well as individual drug use gene detection that affects drug metabolism, drug resistance and toxic side effects, individual identification, gene detection related to transplant matching, non-invasive prenatal detection (NIPT) and embryo implantation. Among them, gene detection related to targeted therapy of malignant tumor, multi-locus tumor-related gene detection related to heredity, susceptibility, treatment and prognosis, and whole exon gene detection play an important role in accurate diagnosis, prevention and treatment of malignant tumor.

Second, tumor molecular diagnostic markers and new detection technologies provide an important basis for clinical risk assessment of malignant tumors.

In clinical research, it is the direction of clinical medicine, especially clinical tumor research and basic research, to continuously discover new diagnostic markers of malignant tumors and further explore and study the pathological mechanism of malignant tumors. From the discovery of Bence-Jones protein in the urine of patients with multiple myeloma by Henry Bence-Jones in 1846, which was used as the first tumor marker for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma, up to now, more than 100 tumor markers have been discovered, including protein tumor markers, sugar tumor markers and enzyme tumor markers. With the development of molecular biotechnology, there are more and more categories of tumor biomarkers, such as specific gene mutation, which can affect the effect of tumor-targeted drug therapy, genes related to cell growth and differentiation, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and their products that play a key role in the occurrence and development of tumors, and single nucleotide polymorphism, genome, transcriptome and proteome can all be used as tumor biomarkers. From tumor-related chromosomal abnormalities to tumor-related genetic abnormalities, from tumor-related single nucleotide polymorphisms to tumor-related epigenetic abnormalities, and the study of new molecular markers such as miRNA and LncRNA provide powerful tools for accurate diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors in clinic. By detecting these molecular markers, we can assess the risk of cancer and make early diagnosis, monitoring, early warning, intervention,Reduce the risk of cancer and improve the treatment effect, slow down the development of cancer and even prevent the intervention of cancer.

Due to the rapid development of molecular biology technology, the detection of molecular markers of malignant tumors is more and more accurate and efficient. From the discovery of nuclein by F.Miescher in 1868 to the discovery of double helix structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by Watson and Crick in 1953, from the invention of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by Mullis in 1985 to the wide application of NGS NGS((Next-generation sequencing, also known as second-generation sequencing) technology developed in recent years, from the technical means, At present, the Amplified Arrested Mutation System (AMRs) is applied in clinic, which can be used to detect low-frequency mutations and detect 1% mutations in tissues and cells. More sensitive digital PCR technology can detect 0.1% mutation. For the traditional Sanger sequencing, although it is less sensitive, it has advantages in detecting germline mutations, high-frequency mutations, unknown mutations, clear target genes and few genes. NGS technology has the advantage of Qualcomm, which can sequence hundreds of genes, whole exons and whole genomes at one time. With the maturity of technology, more standardized management, continuous improvement and updating of biological information database, and perfection of data interpretation, combined with technologies such as detecting tumor cells in peripheral blood and free nucleic acids in peripheral blood, through overcoming the heterogeneity of malignant tumors,It will greatly promote the development of this technology and have a broader clinical application prospect.

Third, with the diagnosis of cancer patients tailored to provide the best solution for accurate diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.

At present, with the continuous development of molecular biology technology and the popularization of molecular diagnosis technology in clinical laboratories, the clinical oncology is increasingly widely used in individualized medicine, precision medicine and targeted therapy. Therefore, the concept of companion diagnostics (CDx) came into being. Adjoint diagnosis is an in vitro diagnostic technique related to special drugs, which can identify the best drug users by detecting the variation of proteins and genes in human body and the expression level of genes. The application of CDx in patients with malignant tumor can not only screen out effective treatment schemes for patients, save the time and cost of ineffective treatment, but also improve the compliance of patients taking drugs and reduce unnecessary toxic and side effects.

The development of accompanying diagnosis shows that the correlation between the expression of estrogen receptor and the efficacy of endocrine therapy in breast cancer patients has been studied since 1970s, from protein level to molecular gene level. Herceptin, the first adjoint diagnostic reagent approved by FDA in September, 1998, was used to detect people who used anticancer drug Herceptin, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular structural region of HER-2 receptor tyrosine kinase. As the driving gene of non-small cell lung cancer, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has a sensitive mutation rate of 30%~40% in Asian population. TKI (tyrosine kinase inhibitor) is used as a targeted therapy for such non-small cell lung cancer patients, and their survival time is significantly prolonged, and their tolerance and quality of life are higher than those of traditional chemotherapy. Up to now, FDA has approved NGS associated diagnosis and detection products with multiple genes and cancers, covering 324 genes, including microsatellite instability (MSI) and tumor mutation load (TMB). At present, most of the applications of adjoint diagnosis are used in tumors, mainly including clinical management of non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, breast cancer, colorectal cancer and ovarian cancer. Adjoint diagnosis plays an indispensable role in precision medicine, and its application scope is gradually expanding. It is predicted that it will be developed in the fields of pharmacogenomics, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, central nervous system, infection and so on.

Four, clinical laboratory molecular diagnosis quality assurance and technical specifications and market supervision has a long way to go.

The market demand and development potential of cancer medical treatment promote the development and application of In Vitro Diagnosis (IVD) instruments and reagents, and new technologies emerge one after another. On the other hand, institutions for tumor genetic testing have also flourished. The results of tumor detection are related to the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease, which can be said to be related to the existence of a life. However, due to the high sensitivity and diversity of molecular detection technology, as well as the complexity and uncertainty of specimens and experimental operations, the quality assurance of tumor-related molecular detection is particularly important. From the research and development of reagents and equipment, to the determination of expected clinical use, the establishment and optimization of methods, from the range control of indications to the selection of detection items, methods adopted, the performance confirmation of LDTs or the performance verification of kits, from the selection of specimen types to the collection and transportation of specimens, from the design and layout of space environment to the qualification of personnel, equipment, reagents and technical specifications, from bioinformatics analysis to the interpretation of genetic variation in tumor molecular detection reports, and so on. In order to standardize the medical behavior in the field of tumor genetic testing, the health administrative department has successively issued a number of rules and regulations, and clinical and laboratory experts have also actively formulated national or industry standards, written relevant guidelines, expert consensus, etc., coordinated supervision and liberalization, and jointly promoted the orderly and healthy development of the field of tumor molecular testing.Effectively serve the accurate diagnosis and treatment of clinical malignant tumors.　

With the completion of the human genome project and the post-genome era, as well as the completion of genome-wide association study () of all malignant tumors, more new molecular targets of malignant tumors will be continuously discovered and applied to clinical diagnosis and treatment. At the same time, with the continuous introduction of the application management policy of molecular diagnostic technology and the improvement of supervision, many genetic tests related to malignant tumors will gradually move from basic scientific research to clinical application. The joint application of various molecular biological detection technology platforms, the in-depth study of various new targets, and the intersection and penetration with other disciplines make molecular biological detection play an increasingly important role in the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, drug research and development of malignant tumors. Molecular detection technology in clinical laboratories will help promote the accurate detection, accurate diagnosis, accurate treatment, accurate prediction and accurate prevention of malignant tumors, so that it can serve human health more efficiently and push medical science forward continuously.

Note:This article comes from the topic "Tumor and Adjoint Diagnosis" in the 5th issue of Clinical Laboratory in 2020.

　
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Title map | veer.com 　
Original release date | May 8, 2020　 　

Clinical Laboratory is a journal of medical laboratory technology, with 12 issues a year, each with different topics, tracking industry hotspots, capturing industry direction and paying attention to development frontiers. The electronic version is updated in real time every month, and colleagues are welcome to follow up.

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　"The Song of the Movie" entered Tongxiang, Jiaxing, and Elva Hsiao featured "Strangers"
　"The Song of the Movie" entered Wen Lan, Tongxiang, Jiaxing, and the opening ceremony set off a boom.　
　"Movie Song" Walks into the Rain of Wang Feng, Tongxiang, Jiaxing and "Fly Higher"

　　Movie network news(Photo/Zhang Hangyuwen/Fifth Tiefeng) On the evening of October 23, the concert "Song of the Movie" was passionately staged in the autumn rain in Tongxiang, Zhejiang. Although the whole concert was held in the rain, the enthusiasm of the audience and the actors on the stage did not diminish at all. The wonderful performances of Chen Chusheng, Wu Kequn, Elva Hsiao and Alan Tam not only made the fans forget the cold rainy night, but also made the atmosphere of the whole concert warm and abnormal. In addition, Wen Lan, An Youqi, Wang Zhengliang, Tong Ange, Li Guyi and Priscilla Chan also won a lot of applause and screams from the audience.

Wu Kequn triggered the first wave of climax, and Chen Chusheng sang deeply and was very popular.

　　Wu Kequn’s first song was "your legend", and at this time, when the rain was the heaviest, Wu Kequn sang and danced in the heavy rain, which also triggered the first wave of climax of the audience, and the female fans at the scene screamed again and again. In the second song "Love is Power", Wu Kequn’s affectionate interpretation hit every audience present. Enthusiastic fans rushed to the stage to shake hands with Wu Kequn regardless of the heavy rain and the on-site security guards, and gave their light sticks to idols. "Today’s rain is really heavy, and I see that you are all wet, so the following song is related to wet (poetry)," Writing Poetry for You ",as one of Wu Kequn’s most famous masterpieces, fans sang this song with Wu Kequn while waving light sticks.

　　The appearance of another popular singer, Chen Chusheng, triggered the second climax of the audience. "Forgetting in Jianghu" is the theme song of the film being shown. In the drizzle, dancers draw their swords and dance, and an altar of good wine can’t be filled with heroic pride. Chen Chusheng’s affectionate singing shows how many Jianghu children forget in Jianghu. Hawthorn Flower sings another beautiful love story. The last song "Did Someone Tell You" is destined to be a chorus. For Chen Chusheng’s loyal fans, this song touched countless fans on the talent show stage in 2007, and every note represents the best memories of that summer.

Elva Hsiao Hot Dance Explodes Passion Alan Tam Encounters Male Fan Bear Hug

　　As the divas of the whole concert, Elva Hsiao and Alan Tam proved their strength and status with the highest popularity and screams. Elva Hsiao’s dynamic new song "Miss Handsome" with the dance in the rain immediately ignited the enthusiasm of the audience. Elva Hsiao fans sitting in the front row area flocked to the edge of the stage to interact with Elva Hsiao on the stage regardless of the pouring rain. Subsequently, Elva Hsiao’s classic old song "The Most Familiar Stranger" aroused another affectionate chorus in the audience, and both the loyal fans of Elva Hsiao and the general audience sang along with the beat of the music. After Qu Bi, Elva Hsiao said in an interview with the host Hantao Wang that although it was raining heavily, she was moved by the fans in the audience. "I still remember that the first ticketing concert since my debut was held in heavy rain, and a place in Central Taiwan Province was experiencing typhoon weather." Elva Hsiao took another fast song, and "Confession" sang what she wanted to say most to the audience and what she wanted to express her gratitude and gratitude.

　　The final climax of the audience came from Alan Tam, who was "25 years old forever". A song "Kara is OK forever" made the older audience stand up and sing in chorus. Alan Tam joked, "I thought everyone had left." The audience at the scene shouted: "Principal, we are here." As an evergreen tree in the music world, Alan Tam’s charm can be said to be unmatched, so that when the second song "Friends" was played, the audience stood up and sang in chorus, which became the climax of the whole concert. An emotional male fan even suddenly climbed onto the stage and gave Alan Tam a "bear hug" from behind, which made Alan Tam dumbfounded. When a song "Love in Late Autumn" was deeply sung by Alan Tam, the whole concert came to the warmest end, and the audience waved their light sticks and sang along gently as they left.

Wang Feng sang in front of the audience in Yao Di’s hometown in the rain.

　　"Life in Full Bloom" made Wang Feng burn the audience’s enthusiasm in the rainy night in the south of the Yangtze River. Then a new song "In Spring", Wang Feng’s dull voice sang the longing for life. "The next song is an old song. I have been singing it for many years, but this time I hope to hear it from your heart." Wang Feng ended his passionate performance with a highly sung "Fly Higher", and the audience completely threw the cold out of the clouds with their hard screams.

　　Wuzhen, a water town in the south of the Yangtze River, has attracted countless tourists, and at the same time, it has become the shooting scene of many film and television dramas. There are many scenes in the new version that has just attracted great attention nationwide. Yao Di, the young actor who plays Wang Xifeng in the play, happens to be a native of Tongxiang. This time, in order to meet the folks in his hometown, Yao Di even pushed off a lot of work at hand. "My work schedule was very full these days, but when the concert of" Song of the Movie "found my agent, I said that I must come back to Tongxiang to meet you anyway." A song "Dream of the Red Mansion" won warm applause from the audience.

The actor of "Song of the Movie" guest sang "Borrowed Starlight" on vcr.

　　Although the host of the whole concert was Hantao Wang, the famous host of Michelle’s partner movie channel, there was actually another group of "off-site hosts". They were the four leading actors of the multimedia musical Song of the Movie, Ning, Liu Lu, Liu Yang and Liu Jiuzhang. They shared the simple and elegant natural and cultural scenery of Wuzhen with the audience by recording VCRs, and also introduced the special product "Hangbaiju" of Tongxiang. The four leading actors performed wonderfully in the new musical Song of the Movie, and they just returned from a world tour in Taiwan Province. They sang a song of Song of the Movie, Borrowed Starlight, on the spot, so that the audience who didn’t see the musical Song of the Movie could appreciate the charm of the musical through this short performance.

Related information:Elva Hsiao’s hair was soaked and her head was wrapped in a towel. Wen Lan only wore a vest, and the heat was not reduced

　　China Net Finance March 4 (Reporter Hu Aishan) On the evening of February 29 on the eve of the two sessions, the central bank announced the RRR cut — — Since March 1, the RMB deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions has been lowered by 0.5 percentage point to maintain a reasonable and sufficient liquidity in the financial system, guide the steady and moderate growth of money and credit, and create a suitable monetary and financial environment for supply-side structural reform. This is the first RRR cut by the central bank this year.

　　2016 is the first year of the decisive stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way in China. The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the general secretary holds high the banner of deepening reform, is brave in practice and is good at innovation, and points out the direction for the future economic development of China.

　　The financial industry plays an important role in economic development. The key areas of China’s economic construction, major projects and weak links such as small and micro, "agriculture, countryside and farmers" are all inseparable from the financial support.

　　On July 17, 2015, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader held a symposium of leading comrades of some provincial party committees in Changchun, pointing out: "It is necessary to improve financial services and dredge the channels for finance to enter the real economy, especially small and medium-sized enterprises and small and micro enterprises."

　　The speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary pointed out the problems existing in the process of China’s financial development — — It is in the past that small and medium-sized enterprises faced the problem of financing difficulty and expensive financing in the development process. This "short board" has seriously restricted the healthy development of China’s economy.

　　It has been seven years since the outbreak of the international financial crisis, and the recovery of the world economy is still slow and the growth is still fragile. The important reason for the international financial crisis was that financial development gradually separated from the real economy. On September 5, 2013, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the G20 Summit that "we should continue to strengthen the supervision of the international financial market so that the financial system can truly rely on, serve and promote the development of the real economy."

　　The above speech by the Supreme Leader General Secretary pointed out the development direction of the financial system. Whether it is the world financial system or China financial system, it should be attached to the real economy, serve the real economy and promote its development.

　　To this end, the Central Economic Work Conference held at the end of last year pointed out that in order to reduce the financial costs of enterprises, the financial sector should create a policy environment of interest rate normalization and make profits for the real economy.

　　In the past 2015, China’s banking system has achieved remarkable results in serving the real economy, keeping the bottom line of risks and deepening reform and opening up.

　　In 2015, China added 11.2 trillion yuan of credit funds, 8.5 trillion yuan of wealth management funds, 6.1 trillion yuan of bond investment and 2.3 trillion yuan of trust funds, and revitalized more than 1 trillion yuan of existing loans through asset securitization and disposal of non-performing loans. The newly added and revitalized existing funds are mainly used to support key areas, major projects, small and micro, "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and other weak links.

　　Last year, the China Banking Regulatory Commission formulated the development plan for inclusive finance, improved the overall policy framework for inclusive finance’s development, strengthened supporting policies for financial services in weak areas, and achieved the goal of "three no less than" loans for small and micro enterprises. By reducing fees and profits to reduce the cost of social financing, the fees charged by 21 national banks have been greatly reduced.

　　At the end of last year, the State Council issued the Plan for Promoting the Development of inclusive finance (2016-2020), which established the implementation strategy of inclusive finance at the national level for the first time. The plan points out that vigorously developing inclusive finance is an inevitable requirement for China to build a well-off society in an all-round way, which is conducive to promoting the sustainable and balanced development of the financial industry, promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation, and boosting the transformation and upgrading of the economic development mode.

　　To this end, the China Banking Regulatory Commission proposed to further promote the reform and opening up of the banking industry in 2016. The concrete manifestations are: realizing the normalization of the establishment of private banks and expanding the channels and ways for private capital to enter the banking industry. Support private capital to participate in the restructuring of city commercial banks and rural small and medium-sized financial institutions. Support qualified private capital to initiate the establishment of consumer finance companies, financial leasing companies, enterprise group finance companies, auto finance companies and participate in the establishment of village banks.

　　In order to make the real economy enjoy lower financing costs, the central bank has implemented some monetary policies. According to the working paper "Macroeconomic Forecast of China in 2016" recently released by the central bank, since November 22, 2014, the central bank has cut interest rates and lowered the benchmark interest rate for one-year time deposits from 3.0% to 1.5%, and the benchmark interest rate for medium and long-term loans from 1 to 3 years from 6.15% to 4.75%.

　　Due to the adjustment of these policies and some directional control measures (including refinancing, targeted cuts to required reserve ratios, etc.), the risk-free interest rate and the financing cost of enterprises have dropped significantly. In addition, private lending rates and P2P lending rates also showed a downward trend.

　　On October 29, 2015, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the second plenary session of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee that "enterprises should make profits. The reason why an enterprise is called an enterprise is that it must make profits. Enterprises have no profits and large-scale losses, and they can’t survive after two or three years. That is not only a problem of slower speed, but also the income of employees and government finances, and it will bring financial risks and even social risks. Our policy base should be placed on enterprises, especially real economy enterprises, attach great importance to the healthy development of the real economy and enhance the profitability of the real economy. "

The International Department of Zhanhua Experimental School, the Nanshan Campus of the former Shenzhen Normal University International High School, is currently enrolling students, and the second entrance examination will be held on June 10th.

Xiaobian will be based onThe latest enrollment brochure for 2023Introduce the international department of Zhanhua Experimental School in detail, and interested parents and friends can continue to look down ~

What kind of school is Zhanhua Experimental International Department?

It is understood that Zhanhua Experimental School was established in 2003. It is a private school founded by Zhanhua Education Group with a history of 20 years.

Zhanhua Experimental International Department is a full-time education and teaching platform approved by Shenzhen Education Bureau and authorized by CAIE of Cambridge University, Edexcel and AQA Examination Bureau of Oxford to engage in the teaching, examination and management of international courses. The school was once rated as a first-class school in Guangdong Province and a national moral education demonstration school.

geographical position

Curriculum

Zhanhua Experimental International Department continues to extend the curriculum system of the international high school of Shenzhen Normal University, namelyIGCSE courseandA-Level course, coveringEnglish, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Economics, Biology, Geography.And other subjects.

Teacher status

According to the official introduction, Zhanhua School hired Shenzhen University.Xu huohuiProfessor (the first founder of Shenzhen International Relations University and the founding elder of Shenzhen Normal University International High School) led the International High School Team (AISSU) of Shenzhen Normal University as the management team of Zhanhua International Department, providing enrollment, education, teaching and promotion to study abroad. The international department of Zhanhua Experiment and the international high school of Shenzhen Normal University have unified curriculum, shared teachers and consistent management.

Among them,A-Level foreign teachers with high academic qualificationsProportionMore than 30%,Master students of Chinese educationProportion90%Above,doctorProportionMore than 10%, in whichMore than 60% are returned teachers..

NO.1

Enrollment target

According to Xiao Bian, Zhanhua Experimental International Department has recruited 150 G1 freshmen, who will attend classes in the campus of Zhanhua Experimental School in Longhua Central District in the later period.Some facilities are shared with the private department, but the international department has three separate U-shaped buildings., independent regional schools, providing more international campus facilities and environment.

NO.2

Entrance examination and subjects

Regarding the content of the exam, we can refer to the previous international senior high school exams of Shenzhen Normal University. The written subjects are mathematics and English, and the interview exam after the written exam.

English test

Test questions and scores:Listening includes fill-in-the-blank questions and short-answer questions, totaling 20 questions and 20 points; Grammar includes 5 fill-in-the-blank questions and 5 multiple-choice questions, with a total score of 10 points; Reading includes 1 question and answer fill-in-the-blank question, 3 multiple-choice questions and 1 true-false question, with a total of 35 questions and 50 points; Writing is a letter topic, with a total of 30 points.

[Listening]

Check whether the students can understand the constant-speed English conversation, accurately understand the speaker’s intention and extract effective information/opinions. There are multiple choice questions, short answer questions and fill-in-the-blank questions.

Listening materials mainly cover shopping, academic discussions, libraries, classroom lectures, family life, science and technology reports and other daily life content.

Grammar

Investigate students’ mastery of basic grammar in junior high school (such as tense, subject-predicate agreement, word collocation, sentence structure, etc.), including fill-in-the-blank questions and multiple-choice questions.

[reading]

Examine students’ ability to read quickly and grasp key information. Multiple choice questions+short answer questions are basically information text reading, involving advertisements, newspaper abstracts, popular science articles, news reports and so on.

[writing]

Examine students’ English thinking ability, logical ability and language accuracy, focusing on argumentative writing and letter writing, not less than 150 words.

The underlying logic of the G1 English test is similar to IELTS, and it is completely different from the MAP test method used in the entrance examination of Bethesda and Meisha College (MAP is an examination for native English speakers).

As far as the difficulty and depth of the topic are concerned, it is not as good as IELTS, but it is more difficult than English in the senior high school entrance examination.

The whole English test takes 120 minutes, as long as the whole set of papers can be completed within the specified time, and there is no block time requirement.

Math exam

Test questions and scores:6 multiple-choice questions, 5 points for each question; Fill in the blanks with 6 questions, each with 5 points; Answer 3 big questions, each with 10 points; 1 English question, 10 points.

Investigation contents:

1. Number and formula: rational number, real number, algebraic formula, algebraic expression and fraction;

2. Equations and inequalities: one-dimensional linear equations and one-dimensional linear equations, one-dimensional linear inequalities and one-dimensional linear inequalities;

3. Functions: linear function, inverse proportional function, quadratic function and its properties, trigonometric function;

4. The nature of the image: intersecting lines and parallel lines, triangles, quadrangles, circles, ruler drawing, perspective and projection;

5. Changes of graphics: symmetry of graphics, translation of graphics, rotation of graphics and similarity of graphics;

6. Proof of graphics: the nature theorem and judgment theorem of parallel lines, the sum theorem and inference of triangles and internal angles, and the completeness of right triangles;

The judgment theorem of equality, the property theorem and inverse theorem of angular bisector, the property theorem and inverse theorem of perpendicular bisector;

7. Statistics and probability: range and variance, frequency distribution histogram and frequency line graph, simple calculation of probability, and frequency estimation probability by repeated experiments.

interview

The interview questions will be based on the specific situation of the students. In principle, it will include self-introduction, academic hobbies and questions about future academic planning. Therefore, we should improve our proficiency in English language, exercise our thinking ability, and pay attention to the logic and rigor of expression.

NO.3

Instructions for registration

(1) Application materials:

Electronic ID card (or passport-electronic ID photo (3.5×3.5cm, within 6 months)

Registration fee: 500 yuan (once paid, it will not be refunded)

(2) Registration method:

1) official website registration:

Log in to https://alevel-sz.szu.edu.cn, official website, click "Online Registration" on the right side of the home page, register according to the prompts and pay the registration fee);

(3) Deadline for registration:

Enroll students according to the regulations until the quota is full.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Tianjin, June 3 (Reporter Zhou Runjian) 360 Internet Security Center recently issued a virus alert, saying that a U disk virus named "body double" is being cross-infected in a large number across the country, and computers in print shops all over the country have become carriers of virus infection and spread. It is graduation season, and students are vulnerable to such virus attacks when printing graduation papers and other materials.

　　Tan Heli, an anti-virus engineer of 360, said that the body double virus is very confusing. It will hide the files in the U disk and create a shortcut with the same name as the hidden data as "body double". If the victim double-clicks to open the shortcut when using the computer, the virus in the U disk will be activated and infected with the computer it is connected to, so as to realize rapid cross-propagation between different computers.

　　Tan Heli said that, unlike the common U disk viruses in the past, the body double virus is more stubborn, and it will start a "guardian" process to protect the virus.

　　Although the U disk data hidden by the virus can be found by setting "Show hidden files", the shortcut created by the virus will still remain in the U disk. Tan Heli reminded that you must not delete the shortcut manually, which will lead to the data on the U disk being emptied by the virus. If virus infection is found, you should use professional and safe killing software to kill the virus on the U disk, which can completely remove body double and other U disk viruses and repair files damaged by virus infection.

1905 movie network news Good Will Hunting, a brand-new "talking variety" produced by Horgos Tongxin Culture and jointly produced by iQiyi and Watching Movies, has been launched in iQiyi, and the first two programs have been well received. As a brand-new variety completely created by Ms. Tian Hua, a "gold producer", "Good Will Hunting" abandons the limitations of traditional talk shows on space and time, and the host and guests will exchange views at the dinner table. In the new program, the program group interviewed Yang Zishan, a powerful young actress. The host Jingwei had afternoon tea with him, and they talked a lot about the professional accomplishment that an actor should have. In the program, Yang Zishan responded that some fans called her "the next Tang Wei" and said that she "may be more like Zhao Wei"; She also said in the program that she is very exclusive to variety shows and thinks that variety shows are "not the work that actors should do."

　

At the beginning of the program, the host Jingwei asked Yang Zishan what the criteria were for choosing the script. Yang Zishan responded that the script was "the foundation of a play", and if she could learn something from the play after the audience saw it, she would feel that the role was not played in vain and would feel very happy. Later, she also said that she felt that the actors were "people who can’t make any contribution to the country", so Yang Zishan thought that every role she played in the movies and TV series should bring something different to the audience while entertaining others. In the program, Yang Zishan admits that although he is a member of the entertainment industry, he only likes this part of acting and is not interested in other things, which is why Yang Zishan never hypes or exposes himself too much in the media.

　

However, this concentration has also brought some negative effects to her: Yang Zishan broke the news in the program that she had met her favorite role twice, but the producer finally chose another actress because she was not popular enough. As an actress, being robbed of her role is a very frustrating thing for her. Now, in order to solve this problem, Yang Zishan’s solution is to participate in TV series. She frankly doesn’t care whether others say she is a "movie coffee" or a "TV coffee". She thinks that many TV dramas are excellent and their income is not bad, and they can also enhance their sense of existence in the hearts of the audience. However, Yang Zishan also said very seriously in the program that although participating in variety shows is "high exposure, easy and high income", "this is not what an actor should do" and "he will not express himself in variety shows". She also revealed that she had quarreled because the staff had to participate in variety shows themselves.

　

In the program, Jingwei also asked Yang Zishan if she had ever told the staff "Play a good show or die". Yang Zishan said with a smile that it did happen, indicating that everyone will be lazy, and often you need to force yourself to do a good job. Jingwei immediately said that many netizens recognized Yang Zishan’s acting skills, especially her crying, and also heard that her cornea was broken because she cried too much. Yang Zishan said that this is a normal thing to do in this profession, just like being a chef may cut your hand. At the same time, Yang Zishan also mentioned his old partner, Mark Chao, a guest in the last episode of the program, who suffered from snow blindness because of filming, further supporting the view that it is an actor’s duty to suffer for acting.

　

As a powerful young actress, Yang Zishan has always been in a high-intensity working state. Although she is very concerned about the performance itself, long-term work has made her feel a little tired, and she has decided to take a long vacation and have a rest. Fortunately, Yang Zishan’s husband Wu Zhongtian, her "good sister" and her boss Zhao Wei all supported her decision. It happens that Zhao Wei is also a good friend of the host Jingwei, and Zhao Wei once expressed his love for Yang Zishan in private. Yang Zishan also said that she was lucky to meet Zhao Wei, which gave her a very suitable working environment. She admits that if she changed to another performing arts company, she might have chosen to quit the entertainment industry a long time ago.

　　CCTV News:How to calculate the daily wage and hourly wage? How much should I get for working overtime on holidays and rest days? Sick, how to calculate sick pay? How to calculate the compensation if the legitimate rights and interests are infringed?

　　Xiaobian combs out 10 formulas for labor rights and interests for you, each of which is related to the money bag. Let’s take a look!

　　Calculation formula of daily wage and hourly wage

　　The calculation of daily wages and hourly wages of employees is not determined according to the actual working days or hours of workers every month and day, but according to the monthly paid days and paid hours stipulated by the state.

　　Monthly paid days =(365 days -104 days) ÷12=21.75 days

　　Daily wage = monthly wage income ÷21.75

　　Hourly wage = monthly wage income ÷ (monthly paid days ×8 hours)

　　Calculation formula of overtime pay on rest days

　　Overtime pay per day on legal holidays = overtime pay base ÷21.75×300%.

　　Overtime pay per day for annual leave = overtime pay base ÷21.75×300%

　　Calculation formula of overtime pay for extended working hours

　　If an employer arranges laborers to work outside the standard working hours according to law, it shall pay overtime wages according to the following standards: if the working hours are extended outside the standard working hours, overtime wages shall be paid at least 150% of the hourly wage base.

　　When determining the calculation base of overtime wages, if there is a clear agreement on wages in the labor contract, it shall be determined according to the wage standard not lower than the corresponding post of the laborer. If there is no clear agreement on wages in the labor contract, it shall be implemented according to the collective contract.

　　Calculation formula of economic compensation

　　Economic compensation is a one-time economic subsidy paid by the employer to the workers after the termination of the labor contract.　　

　　The economic compensation shall be paid to the laborer according to the standard of paying one month’s salary for each full year:

　　For more than six months but less than one year, it shall be counted as one year;

　　If it is less than six months, economic compensation of half a month’s salary shall be paid to the workers.

　　Calculation formula of compensation

　　Compensation is the compensation that the employer needs to pay to the laborer according to law after infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of the laborer.

　　The Labor Contract Law stipulates that if an employer commits any of the following acts that infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of workers, it shall be ordered to pay wages and economic compensation to the workers, and may be ordered to pay compensation to the workers equivalent to 1 to 5 times the sum of wages and economic compensation:

　　(1) Deducting or delaying the wages of workers without reason;

　　(2) Refusing to pay workers wages for extended working hours;

　　(3) Paying workers’ wages below the local minimum wage standard;

　　(four) after the termination of the labor contract, the laborer is not given economic compensation in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations. The employer shall be ordered to pay economic compensation to the workers in accordance with the relevant provisions.

　　Article 87 of the Labor Contract Law stipulates: "If the employing unit dissolves or terminates the labor contract in violation of the provisions of this law, it shall pay compensation to the laborer at twice the economic compensation standard stipulated in Article 47 of this law."

　　The specific situation is as follows:

　　(1) If the wage income of the laborer is lost, it shall be paid to the laborer according to the wage income due to the laborer himself, and the compensation fee of 25% of the wage income due shall be paid;

　　(2) If the loss of labor protection benefits is caused to the workers, the labor protection allowances and supplies of the workers shall be supplemented according to the provisions of the state;

　　(3) In case of workers’ work-related injuries and medical treatment losses, in addition to providing workers with work-related injuries and medical treatment according to state regulations, they should also pay compensation equivalent to 25% of medical expenses;

　　(4) If the health of female workers and underage workers is damaged, in addition to providing medical treatment during the treatment according to state regulations, compensation equivalent to 25% of their medical expenses shall be paid;

　　(5) Other compensation expenses agreed in the labor contract.

　　Calculation formula of sick pay

　　If the employee’s sick leave or non-work-related injury lasts for less than 6 months, the enterprise shall pay the sick leave salary according to the following standards:

　　1. If the continuous length of service is less than 2 years, it will be paid at 60% of my salary.

　　2. If the continuous working age is over 2 years and less than 4 years, it will be paid at 70% of my salary.

　　3. If the continuous working age is over 4 years and less than 6 years, it will be calculated according to 80% of my salary.

　　4. If the continuous working age is over 6 years and less than 8 years, it will be paid according to 90% of my salary.

　　5. Those who have worked continuously for 8 years or more shall be paid 100% of their salary.

　　Employees who have been on vacation for more than 6 months due to illness or non-work-related injuries shall be paid by the enterprise for disease relief:

　　1 continuous length of service less than 1 year, according to my salary of 40%.

　　2. If the length of continuous service is over 1 year and less than 3 years, it will be paid according to 50% of my salary.

　　3. Those who have worked continuously for 3 years or more shall be paid 60% of their salary.

　　Calculation formula of maternity allowance

　　1. Maternity allowance: calculated by dividing the payment base of the month when the female employee gives birth by 30 and multiplying it by the number of days of maternity leave.

　　2. Maternity allowance is the salary of female employees during maternity leave. If the maternity allowance is lower than my salary standard, the difference will be made up by the enterprise.

　　Calculation formula of probation salary

　　Article 20 of the Labor Contract Law stipulates that the salary of a worker during the probation period shall not be lower than the lowest salary of the same position in the unit or 80% of the salary agreed in the labor contract, and shall not be lower than the minimum wage standard where the employer is located.

　　The calculation formula of double salary:

　　The calculation method of the applicable prescription for double wages is: when a worker claims double wages, the prescription can be calculated one year from the date when he claims his rights. The double salary actually paid shall not exceed twelve months.

　　 The amount of double wages shall be calculated according to the wages that the employer should normally pay at the corresponding time when the labor contract is not concluded.

　　In addition, it is a continuation of the legal situation that the female employee’s labor contract expires during pregnancy, childbirth and lactation during the prescribed medical treatment period, even if the employer fails to renew the labor contract in time, it is not necessary to pay double wages.

　　Calculation formula of leaving fee for settlement in exit place

　　According to the relevant policies and regulations, all employees who do not meet the retirement conditions and are allowed to settle abroad should report in writing to their original work units or subordinate management institutions before leaving the country, and go through the formalities of resignation, dissolution or termination of labor contracts, termination of pension insurance relations, etc., and the original work units can issue them a one-time resignation fee. The standard is:

　　1. For those who have worked continuously for one year to ten years, their standard salary will be paid for one month each year;

　　2. For those who have worked continuously for more than ten years, starting from the eleventh year, I will be paid a standard salary of one and a half months for each full year of service;

　　3. If the continuous length of service is less than one year, it will be paid for one month, but the total amount of severance payment will not exceed my standard salary of 24 months.