The National Disaster Reduction Office of the Ministry of Civil Affairs released the basic situation of national natural disasters in 2016.

　　According to the website of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, recently, the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Office of the National Disaster Reduction Committee, together with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Health and Family Planning Commission, the Bureau of Statistics, the Forestry Bureau, the Seismological Bureau, the Meteorological Bureau, the China Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Oceanic Administration, the Joint Staff of the Central Military Commission, the Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission, the China Red Cross Society, China Railway Corporation and other departments It has been approved that in 2016, floods, typhoons, windstorms and geological disasters are the main natural disasters in China, and droughts, earthquakes, low-temperature freezing, snowstorms and forest fires also occur to varying degrees. All kinds of natural disasters have caused nearly 190 million people in the country to be affected, 1,432 people died, 274 people were missing, 1,608 people were hospitalized, 9.101 million people were transferred and resettled urgently, and 3.538 million people needed emergency life assistance; 521,000 houses collapsed and 3.34 million houses were damaged to varying degrees; The affected area of crops is 26.22 million hectares, of which 2.9 million hectares will not be harvested; The direct economic loss was 503.29 billion yuan.

　　Generally speaking, the disaster situation in 2016 was basically the same as the average during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period (the number of people who died and disappeared due to the disaster increased by 11% and 31% respectively, and the number of people affected by the disaster and the number of houses collapsed decreased by 39% and 24% respectively), which was obviously biased compared with 2015.

　　In 2016, the national natural disasters mainly showed the following characteristics:

　　First, the national disaster situation is unevenly distributed in time and space.Nearly 90% of the county-level administrative regions in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) are affected by natural disasters to varying degrees. In terms of disaster types, the losses of drought and earthquake disasters are obviously lighter than the average during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, while the losses of typhoon, low-temperature freezing and snow disasters are basically flat or slightly lighter, but the losses of wind, hail, flood and geological disasters are obviously heavier; From the time point of view, the major disaster processes are mainly concentrated in June-July, in which heavy rains and floods broke out in July, and the disaster situation developed rapidly. The number of people who died and disappeared in a single month, the number of houses collapsed and the direct economic losses all accounted for nearly 50% of the total disaster losses in the whole year, which was more than double the average value in the same period of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan. Regionally, the disaster situation varies greatly from region to region, and the disaster situation in the southwest and northwest regions is obviously lighter than the average value in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, with most disaster indicators in the southwest region being lighter by more than 50%. Compared with the average value in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, the disasters in North China, Central China and East China are obviously biased, with the highest number of people who died and lost their lives and direct economic losses.

　　Second, storms and floods occurred in the north and south.There were 51 heavy rainfall weather processes in China, and the average rainfall was the highest since 1951 (slightly higher than that in 1998). The rainfall in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River during the Meiyu period is more than 70% higher than that in the same period of normal years. The biggest flood occurred in the Yangtze River basin since 1998, and the basin flood occurred in Taihu Lake. Haihe River Basin has experienced the most extensive and intensive basin-based rainstorm process since 1996, and some rivers have experienced super-historical floods. Among them, the strongest rainfall occurred in the south from June 30th to July 4th and in the north from July 18th to 21st, respectively, and serious waterlogging occurred in many cities in the north and south, such as Wuhan, Nanjing, Hefei, Xinxiang, Anyang, Shijiazhuang, Handan and Taiyuan, which had a serious impact on people’s lives and property safety and the economic and social development in the disaster areas. According to statistics, floods and geological disasters caused 99.549 million people to be affected, 968 people died, 214 people were missing, 6.042 million people were resettled urgently, and 2.845 million people needed emergency life assistance. The affected area of crops is 8531.4 thousand hectares, of which 1297.3 thousand hectares will not be harvested; 441,000 houses collapsed and 2.155 million houses were damaged to varying degrees; The direct economic loss was 313.44 billion yuan. Generally speaking, compared with the average value in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, floods and geological disasters are obviously biased, and the emergency resettlement population and direct economic losses are the highest, and the disasters in Hebei, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangxi and other provinces are outstanding.

　　Third, extreme convective weather is frequent.There have been 59 large-scale strong convective weather processes in China, and sudden strong convective weather such as short-term heavy precipitation, thunderstorm and strong wind, hail and tornado has been the most since 2010. According to statistics, the wind and hail disaster caused 27.281 million people to be affected, 251 people died, 6 people were missing, 263,000 people were transferred and resettled urgently, and 325,000 people needed emergency life assistance. The affected area of crops is 2908 thousand hectares, of which 268.8 thousand hectares will not be harvested; 35,000 houses collapsed and 678,000 houses were damaged to varying degrees; The direct economic loss was 46.39 billion yuan. Generally speaking, compared with the average value during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, the wind and hail disasters are obviously biased, with the highest direct economic loss and the second highest number of damaged houses. Among them, the major disasters in Jiangsu, Shanxi and Xinjiang are outstanding, especially the tornado and hail disaster in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province on June 23, which caused heavy casualties.

　　Fourth, the typhoon landed with strong intensity and great influence.There are 8 typhoons landing in mainland China, one more than normal (7), and the intensity of 6 landings has reached the typhoon level or above, with strong intensity. Among them, the No.1 typhoon "Nibert" was the strongest typhoon that landed in China since 1949. A super-historical flood occurred at Meixi Minqing Station, a tributary of the Minjiang River, causing 85 deaths and 20 missing. Typhoon No.14 "Moranti" is the strongest typhoon that landed in mainland China this year, and it is also the strongest typhoon that landed in southern Fujian since 1949, causing 38 deaths and 6 missing. Typhoon No.21 "Sally Jia" is the strongest typhoon that landed on Hainan Island in October since 1971. Typhoon No.22 "Haima" is the latest typhoon to land in Guangdong since 1949 and the strongest typhoon to land in eastern Guangdong since October 1949. According to statistics, the typhoon disaster caused 17.212 million people to be affected, 174 people died, 24 people were missing and 2.606 million people were resettled. The affected area of crops is 2023.5 thousand hectares, of which 145.1 thousand hectares will not be harvested; 37,000 houses collapsed and 181,000 houses were damaged to varying degrees; The direct economic loss was 76.64 billion yuan. Generally speaking, the typhoon disaster is slightly lighter than the average during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, but the number of missing people who died due to the disaster is higher (second only to 2013).Among them, the disaster situation in Fujian Province is relatively prominent.

　　Fifth, the level of seismic activity is generally weak.There were 18 earthquakes with magnitude above 5 in mainland China, the frequency of which was lower than the average level during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and it was mainly concentrated in the western region. Among them, the Menyuan earthquake with Ms 6.4 in Qinghai on January 21st, the Dingqing earthquake with Ms 5.5 in Xizang on May 11th, the Zaduo earthquake with Ms 6.2 in Qinghai on October 17th and the Hutubi earthquake with Ms 6.2 in Xinjiang on December 8th had relatively great impacts, and the infrastructure such as transportation and electricity in the disaster areas was damaged, which brought adverse effects on people’s production and life. According to statistics, 509,000 people were affected by the earthquake, one died, 41 were hospitalized, and 306,000 houses were damaged to varying degrees, resulting in a direct economic loss of 5.56 billion yuan. Generally speaking, the earthquake disaster situation is obviously lighter than the average during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and the number of people who died and disappeared, the number of houses collapsed and the direct economic losses are the lowest.

　　Sixth, drought, low-temperature freezing and snowstorm have limited impact.There have been two large-scale high-temperature weather processes in China, both of which occurred in midsummer. Staged droughts have occurred in Inner Mongolia, Northwest China, Northeast China and other places, and the disaster situation is obviously lighter than last year, but some areas are seriously affected. Especially in August, the national average temperature was the highest in the same period of history since 1961, and the average precipitation was 11% less than that in the same period of normal years. Severe summer drought occurred in western Northeast China and eastern Inner Mongolia. According to statistics, the drought disaster caused 9872.7 thousand hectares of crops in China, including 1018.3 thousand hectares. Generally speaking, compared with the average during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, the drought disaster situation is obviously lighter, and the area affected by crops and the area without harvest are the second lowest. Among them, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Jilin and Gansu provinces (autonomous regions) are relatively seriously affected, and the total area affected by crops exceeds 80% of the national drought area. In addition, at the beginning of the year, China suffered many large-scale cold waves, freezing rain and snow, with low temperature and freezing rain in many places in the south, and snowfall in southern cities such as Guangzhou and Nanning for the first time in many years; In mid-May, sudden cooling in most parts of northwest China led to outstanding crop losses. According to statistics, the low-temperature freezing and snowstorm have caused 2885 thousand hectares of crops in China, of which 172.7 thousand hectares were not harvested; The direct economic loss was 17.86 billion yuan. Generally speaking, the disasters of low-temperature freezing and snowstorm are basically the same as the average during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period.